A. Ingcamango ye-ultrafast lasers
Iilaser ezikhawulezayo zihlala zibhekisa kwiilaser ezivaliweyo zemode ezisetyenziselwa ukukhupha iipulses ezimfutshane kakhulu, umzekelo, iipulses ze-femtosecond okanye i-picosecond duration. Igama elichanekileyo lingaba yilaser ye-pulse emfutshane kakhulu. Iilaser ze-pulse ezimfutshane kakhulu ziphantse zibe ziilaser ezivaliweyo zemode, kodwa isiphumo sokutshintsha kwe-gain sinokuvelisa iipulses ezimfutshane kakhulu.
B. Uhlobo lwelaser ekhawulezayo kakhulu
1. Iilaser zeTi-sapphire, ezidla ngokuba yiKerr lens mode-locked, zinokuvelisa iipulse ezimfutshane kangange-5 fs ubude. Amandla azo aphakathi okukhupha adla ngokuba ngamakhulu ambalwa eemilliwatts, kunye namazinga okuphindaphinda kwepulse, masithi, i-80MHz kunye namashumi eefemtoseconds okanye ngaphantsi, kunye nexesha le-pulse lamashumi eefemtoseconds okanye ngaphantsi, okubangela amandla aphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa iilaser zetitanium-sapphire zifuna ukukhanya okupompozayo okuvela kwiilaser ezithile eziluhlaza, nto leyo eyenza zibe nzima kwaye zibize kakhulu.
2. Kukho iilaser ezahlukeneyo ezipompelwe yidiode ezisekelwe, umzekelo, kwi-ytterbium-doped (crystal okanye glass) okanye iikristale zelaser ezipompelwe yichromium, ezidla ngokusebenzisa i-SESAM passive mode-locking. Nangona ubude be-pulse be-laser ezipompelwe yidiode bungekho bufutshane njengobude be-pulse be-titanium-sapphire lasers, iilaser ezipompelwe yidiode zinokugubungela ummandla obanzi weparameter ngokwexesha le-pulse, izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-pulse, kunye namandla aphakathi (jonga ngezantsi).
3. Iilaser zefayibha ezisekelwe kwiifayibha zeglasi ezixutywe nezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba nazo zingatshixwa ngendlela engashukumiyo, umzekelo, kusetyenziswa i-nonlinear polarization rotation okanye i-SESAM. Zincinci kakhulu kuneelaser ezinkulu ngokwemilinganiselo yamandla aphakathi, ingakumbi amandla aphezulu, kodwa zinokudityaniswa ngokulula nee-fiber amplifier. Inqaku malunga neelaser zefayibha ezitshixiweyo ngendlela linika iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
(4) ii-laser ze-diode ezivaliweyo zemode zinokuba zizixhobo ezidibeneyo okanye ii-laser ze-diode zangaphandle, kwaye zinokuba zisebenza, zingasebenzi okanye zixutywe ne-mode-locked. Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-laser ze-diode ezivaliweyo zemode zisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu (samawaka amaninzi e-megahertz) sokuphindaphindwa kwe-pulse kumandla e-pulse aphakathi.
Ii-oscillators ze-laser ezikhawulezayo zinokuba yinxalenye yeenkqubo ze-laser ezikhawulezayo, ezinokubandakanya i-amplifier ye-ultrafast (efana ne-fiber optic amplifier) ukwandisa amandla aphezulu kunye namandla okuphuma aphakathi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-20-2023