Ilabhoratri yeLaserulwazi lokhuseleko
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini laser,iteknoloji laseriye yaba yinxalenye engenakwahlulwa kwinkalo yophando lwenzululwazi, ishishini kunye nobomi.Kubantu abafotayo ababandakanyeka kushishino lwelaser, ukhuseleko lwelaser lunxulumene ngokusondeleyo neelebhu, amashishini kunye nabantu ngabanye, kwaye ukuthintela ukwenzakala kwelaser kubasebenzisi kuye kwaba yeyona nto iphambili.
A. Inqanaba lokhuseleko lelaser
Iklasi1
1. Iklasi1: Amandla eLaser <0.5mW.I-laser ekhuselekileyo.
2. I-Class1M: Akukho bungozi ekusebenziseni okuqhelekileyo.Xa usebenzisa izikhangeli zamehlo ezifana neteleskopu okanye iindondo ezincinci zokunyusela, kuya kubakho iingozi ezingaphaya komda weClass1.
Iklasi2
1, Iklasi2: amandla laser ≤1mW.Ukuvezwa kwangoko okungaphantsi kwe-0.25s kukhuselekile, kodwa ukuyijonga ixesha elide kunokuba yingozi.
I-2, i-Class2M: kuphela kwiliso elingaphantsi kwe-0.25s i-irradiation ye-instantaneous ikhuselekile, xa ukusetyenziswa kweeteleskopu okanye iglasi encinci yokukhulisa kunye nezinye i-optical viewer, kuya kubakho ngaphezu kwe-Class2 yexabiso lomda wokulimala.
Iklasi3
I-1, i-Class3R: amandla e-laser 1mW ~ 5mW.Ukuba ibonwa kuphela ixesha elifutshane, iliso lomntu liza kudlala indima ethile yokukhusela ekuboniseni ukukhanya okukhuselekileyo, kodwa ukuba indawo yokukhanya ingena kwiliso lomntu xa igxininisekile, iya kubangela umonakalo kwiliso lomntu.
2, Class3B: amandla laser 5mW ~ 500mW.Ukuba kunokubangela umonakalo emehlweni xa ujonge ngqo okanye ubonisa, kukhuselekile ngokubanzi ukujonga imbonakalo eyahlukileyo, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba unxibe izibuko ezikhuselayo zelaser xa usebenzisa eli nqanaba lelaser.
Class4
Amandla eLaser: > 500mW.Kuyingozi emehlweni kunye nolusu, kodwa kunokonakalisa izixhobo ezikufutshane nelaser, ukutshisa izinto ezinokutsha, kwaye kufuneka unxibe iiglasi zelaser xa usebenzisa eli nqanaba lelaser.
B. Ubungozi kunye nokukhuselwa kwelaser emehlweni
Amehlo lelona lungu lisemngciphekweni wokonakala kwelaser.Ngapha koko, iziphumo zebhayoloji ze-laser zinokuqokelelana, nokuba ukuvezwa okukodwa akubangeli monakalo, kodwa ukuvezwa okuninzi kunokubangela umonakalo, amaxhoba okuvezwa okuphindaphindiweyo kwelaser emehlweni ahlala engenazikhalazo zicacileyo, azive ehla kancinci embonweni.Ukukhanya kweLaserigubungela onke amaza ukusuka kwi-ultraviolet egqithisileyo ukuya kwi-infrared ekude.Iiglasi ezikhuselayo zeLaser luhlobo lweeglasi ezikhethekileyo ezinokuthintela okanye ukunciphisa umonakalo we-laser kwiliso lomntu, kwaye zizixhobo ezisisiseko ezibalulekileyo kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zelaser.
C. Indlela yokukhetha izibuko ze-laser ezifanelekileyo?
1, khusela ibhendi ye-laser
Qinisekisa ukuba ufuna ukukhusela i-wavelength enye kuphela okanye amaza amaninzi ngaxeshanye.Uninzi lweeglasi ezikhuselayo ze-laser zinokukhusela i-wavelengths enye okanye ngaphezulu ngaxeshanye, kwaye indibaniselwano yobude obuhlukeneyo inokukhetha iiglasi ezahlukeneyo zokhuselo.
I-2, i-OD: ubuninzi bokukhanya (ixabiso lokukhusela i-laser), T: ukuhanjiswa kwebhendi yokukhusela
Izibuko zokukhusela i-Laser zinokuhlulwa zibe yi-OD1 + ukuya kumanqanaba e-OD7 + ngokwezinga lokukhusela (eliphezulu ixabiso le-OD, liphezulu ukhuseleko).Xa sikhetha, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwixabiso le-OD eliboniswe kwiperi nganye yeeglasi, kwaye asikwazi ukuthatha indawo yazo zonke iimveliso zokukhusela i-laser nge-lens enye yokukhusela.
3, VLT: ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo (ukukhanya okujikeleze)
"Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okubonakalayo" kudla ngokuba yenye yeeparamitha ezingahoywa ngokulula xa ukhetha izibuko ezikhuselayo ngelaser.Ngelixa uvimba i-laser, isibuko sokukhusela i-laser siya kuthintela inxalenye yokukhanya okubonakalayo, okuchaphazela ukujonga.Khetha ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okuphezulu okubonakalayo (okufana ne-VLT> 50%) ukuququzelela uqwalaselo oluthe ngqo lweziganeko zovavanyo lwelaser okanye ukusetyenzwa kwelaser;Khetha i-transmittance yokukhanya esezantsi ebonakalayo, efanelekileyo ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo zizihlandlo ezinamandla kakhulu.
Qaphela: Iliso lomqhubi we-laser alinakujoliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-laser beam okanye ukukhanya kwayo okubonakalisiweyo, nokuba ukunxiba isibuko sokukhusela i-laser asikwazi ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwi-beam (ejongene necala lokukhutshwa kwe-laser).
D. Amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko
Ukubonakaliswa kweLaser
I-1, xa usebenzisa i-laser, i-experimentalists kufuneka isuse izinto ezinendawo ekhanyayo (ezifana newotshi, imisesane kunye neebheji, njl. njl., yimithombo enamandla yokubonakalisa) ukuphepha umonakalo obangelwa kukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo.
I-2, ikhethini ye-laser, i-baffle yokukhanya, umqokeleli we-boam, njl., Unokuthintela ukusasazwa kwe-laser kunye nokucamngca okulahlekileyo.Isikhuselo sokhuseleko se-laser sinokutywina umqadi we-laser ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile, kwaye ulawule ukutshintsha kwe-laser ngekhuselo lokhuseleko lwe-laser ukukhusela umonakalo we-laser.
E. Laser indawo kunye nokuqwalaselwa
I-1, kwi-infrared, i-ultraviolet laser beam engabonakaliyo kwiso lomntu, musa ukucinga ukuba ukusilela kwe-laser kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwamehlo, ukujonga, ukubeka kunye nokuhlola kufuneka kusebenzise ikhadi lokubonisa i-infrared / ultraviolet okanye isixhobo sokujonga.
2, kwimveliso yefayibha edityanisiweyo yelaser, imifuniselo yefayibha ebanjwe ngesandla, ayizukuchaphazela kuphela iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nozinzo, ukubekwa okungafanelekanga okanye ukukrwela okubangelwa kukufuduswa kwefayibha, isikhokelo sokuphuma kwelaser ngaxeshanye, kuya kuzisa kakhulu. imingcipheko yokhuseleko kubavavanyi.Ukusetyenziswa kwebrakethi ye-fiber optical ukulungisa i-fiber optical ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukuzinza, kodwa iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lovavanyo kumlinganiselo omkhulu.
F. Yiphephe ingozi kunye nelahleko
1. Akuvumelekanga ukubeka izinto ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi kwindlela apho i-laser idlula khona.
2, amandla aphezulu e-laser pulsed aphezulu kakhulu, anokubangela umonakalo kumacandelo ovavanyo.Emva kokuqinisekisa umda wokumelana nomonakalo wamacandelo, uvavanyo lunokuphepha ilahleko engeyomfuneko kwangaphambili.