Ulwakhiwo lwe-PIN photodetector

Ulwakhiwo lweIsixhobo sokubona ifoto sePIN

Isixhobo sokubona iifoto, isixhobo esiguqula imiqondiso yokukhanya ibe yimiqondiso yombane sisebenzisa isiphumo se-photoelectric, sifana neliso lomntu kwaye sinokubamba imiqondiso ebuthathaka ebonakalayo nengabonakaliyo. Ngenxa yomgaqo waso wokusebenza kokukhanya okubangela utshintsho kwiimpawu zomzimba zezinto, ii-photodetectors zinoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezikhethiweyo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo, nganye ineemeko zayo zokusetyenziswa ezahlukileyo.
Iindidi zee-photodetectors zahlulwe ngokweempawu zazo zesakhiwo, kuquka izixhobo ze-vacuum optoelectronic, ii-photoconductive detectors,Iifotodiode zePIN, ii-phototransistors, kunye nezixhobo zokubona i-avalanche diode (Isixhobo sokubona ifoto se-APD). Okubalulekileyo yi-PIN photodetector, eyandisa ububanzi bommandla wokuphelelwa ngamandla ngokungenisa umaleko we-semiconductor we-type I ophantsi kwi-PN junction, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa impembelelo yentshukumo yokusasazwa kunye nokuphucula isantya sempendulo.
Ii-photodiode zePIN zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nonxibelelwano lwe-optical, ukulinganisa i-optical, imifanekiso yezonyango, kunye ne-laser ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kwe-quantum, ingxolo ephantsi, impendulo ebanzi ye-spectral, kunye nempendulo ekhawulezayo. Umzekelo, ii-LBTEK's silicon-based amplification detectors kunye nee-balanced photodetectors zezolu didi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ii-PIN photodetectors zinqongophele kubuchule bazo bokubona imiqondiso yokukhanya ebuthathaka ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-gain eyongezelelweyo. I-avalanche photodiode (i-APD photodetector) yandisa i-photocurrent ngokungenisa ummandla we-current gain ngaphakathi kwe-PIN photodiode kwaye isebenzisa i-internal avalanche multiplication effect yayo. Oku kunika ii-APD photodetectors ithuba ngaphezu kwee-PIN photodetectors ekufumaneni imiqondiso ebuthathaka, kunye ne-internal gain ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 ukuya kwi-100 amaxesha. Umgaqo osebenzayo we-photodetector uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo oluthile, kodwa umgaqo wayo osisiseko we-photoelectric effect usebenza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-photodetectors.
Njengenxalenye ephambili yeenkqubo zanamhlanje ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kwe-photodetectors kumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuchaneka, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yonke. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana nonxibelelwano lwe-fiber optic, ukujonga okusingqongileyo, imifanekiso yezonyango, uphononongo lomkhosi, ukuzenzekela kwemizi-mveliso, kunye nophando lwesayensi, olunoxanduva lokuguqula imiqondiso ye-optical ibe yimiqondiso yombane enokulinganiswa. Ke ngoko, ukufunyanwa okubanzi nokuchanekileyo kwe-photodetectors kubalulekile.