Unxibelelwano lwe-Quantum luyinxalenye ephambili yetekhnoloji yolwazi lwe-quantum.Ineenzuzo zokufihla ngokupheleleyo, amandla onxibelelwano olukhulu, isantya sokuhambisa ngokukhawuleza, njalo njalo.Inokugqiba imisebenzi ethile unxibelelwano lweklasiki alukwazi ukuyifumana.Unxibelelwano lwe-quantum lunokusebenzisa inkqubo yesitshixo sabucala, esingenakuqondwa ukuqonda ingqiqo yokwenene yonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo, ngoko ke unxibelelwano lwe-quantum luye lwaba luphambili kwisayensi kunye neteknoloji kwihlabathi.Unxibelelwano lwe-quantum lusebenzisa ubume be-quantum njengesiqalelo solwazi ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kolwazi olusebenzayo.Ngolunye uguquko kwimbali yonxibelelwano emva konxibelelwano lomnxeba kunye nonxibelelwano lwamehlo.
Amacandelo aphambili onxibelelwano lomyinge:
Ukuhanjiswa kweqhosha eliyimfihlo le-Quantum:
Ukuhanjiswa kweqhosha eliyimfihlo le-Quantum akusetyenziselwa ukuhambisa umxholo oyimfihlo.Sekunjalo, kukuseka nokunxibelelana nencwadi ye-cipher, oko kukuthi, ukunika isitshixo sabucala kumacala omabini onxibelelwano lobuqu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-quantum cryptography communication.
Ngo-1984, uBennett wase-United States kunye ne-brassart yaseCanada bacebise i-BB84 protocol, esebenzisa i-quantum bits njengabathwali bolwazi ukubethelela i-quantum states ngokusebenzisa iimpawu ze-polarization zokukhanya ukuqaphela isizukulwana kunye nokusabalalisa okukhuselekileyo kwezitshixo eziyimfihlo.Ngo-1992, u-Bennett ucebise iprotocol ye-B92 esekelwe kwi-nonorthogonal quantum states kunye nokuhamba okulula kunye nokusebenza kwesiqingatha.Zombini ezi zicwangciso zisekwe kwiseti enye okanye ngaphezulu ye-orthogonal kunye ne-nonorthogonal single quantum states.Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1991, u-Ekert wase-UK ucebise i-E91 ngokusekwe kubume be-entanglement enamasuntswana amabini, oko kukuthi isibini se-EPR.
Kwi-1998, esinye isikimu sonxibelelwano lwe-quantum ye-state ezintandathu sacetywayo ekukhethweni kwe-polarization kwiziseko ezithathu ezidibeneyo eziqulunqwe ngamazwe amane e-polarization kunye nokujikeleza kwekhohlo kunye nokufanelekileyo kwi-protocol ye-BB84.Iprotocol ye-BB84 ibonakaliswe njengeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokusasaza, engazange yaphulwe nguye nabani na ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.Umgaqo wokungaqiniseki kwe-quantum kunye ne-quantum non-cloning iqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo.Ke ngoko, iprotocol ye-EPR inexabiso elibalulekileyo lethiyori.Idibanisa i-quantum state edibeneyo kunye nonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo lwe-quantum kwaye ivula indlela entsha yonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo lwe-quantum.
i-quantum teleportation:
Ithiyori ye-quantum teleportation ecetywayo nguBennett kunye nezinye izazinzulu kumazwe amathandathu ngo-1993 yimowudi yokuhanjiswa kwe-quantum ecocekileyo esebenzisa umjelo welizwe elinamasuntswana amabini ukuhambisa ubume obungaziwayo be-quantum, kwaye izinga lokuphumelela le-teleportation liya kufikelela kwi-100% [ 2].
Ngowe-199, a.Iqela le-Zeilinger lase-Austrian lagqiba ukuqinisekiswa kovavanyo lokuqala lomgaqo we-quantum teleportation kwilabhoratri.Kwiifilimu ezininzi, icebo elinjalo lihlala livela: umfanekiso ongaqondakaliyo unyamalala ngokukhawuleza kwindawo enye ngokukhawuleza.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-quantum teleportation iphula umgaqo we-quantum non-cloning kunye nokungaqiniseki kwe-Heisenberg kwi-quantum mechanics, luhlobo nje lwentsomi yesayensi kunxibelelwano lwakudala.
Nangona kunjalo, ingqikelelo ekhethekileyo ye-quantum entanglement yaziswa kunxibelelwano lwe-quantum, olwahlula ulwazi olungaziwayo lwemeko ye-quantum yoqobo lube ngamacandelo amabini: ulwazi lwe-quantum kunye nolwazi lweklasikhi, okwenza lo mmangaliso ungakholelekiyo.Ulwazi lwe-Quantum lulwazi olungacatshulwanga kwinkqubo yokulinganisa, kwaye ulwazi lweklasi luyimilinganiselo yokuqala.
Inkqubela kunxibelelwano lomyinge:
Ukusukela ngo-1994, unxibelelwano lwe-quantum luye lwangena ngokuthe ngcembe kwinqanaba lovavanyo kwaye luqhubela phambili kwinjongo ephathekayo, enexabiso elibalaseleyo lophuhliso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho.Ngo-1997, u-pan Jianwei, isazinzulu esincinci saseTshayina, kunye no-bow meister, isazinzulu saseDatshi, wazama kwaye waqonda ukuhanjiswa okukude kwe-quantum States engaziwayo.
NgoAprili 2004, uSorensen et al.Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-1.45km phakathi kweebhanki okokuqala ngqa ngokusebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-quantum entanglement, kuphawulwa unxibelelwano lomyinge ukusuka kwibhubhoratri ukuya kwinqanaba lesicelo.Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwequantum itsale ingqalelo ebalulekileyo koorhulumente, ishishini kunye nezemfundo.Ezinye iinkampani ezidumileyo zamazwe ngamazwe ziphuhlisa ngokukhutheleyo ukuthengiswa kolwazi lwequantum, njengefowuni yaseBritane kunye neNkampani yeTelegraph, intsimbi, IBM, kwi & T laboratories eUnited States, inkampani yeToshiba eJapan, inkampani yakwaSiemens eJamani, njl. I-2008, i-European Union "iprojekthi yophuhliso lwenethiwekhi yonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo olusekelwe kwi-quantum cryptography" imise unxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo lwe-7-node Umboniso kunye nenethiwekhi yokuqinisekisa.
Ngo-2010, iphephancwadi i-Time yase-United States yabika impumelelo yovavanyo lwe-16 km lwe-quantum teleportation yaseTshayina kwikholamu "yeendaba eziqhumayo" kunye nesihloko esithi "i-leap ye-Quantum Science yase-China," ebonisa ukuba i-China inokuseka uthungelwano lonxibelelwano phakathi kwe-quantum. umhlaba kunye nesathelayithi [3].Kwi-2010, i-National Intelligence and Communication Research Institute yaseJapan kunye ne-Mitsubishi Electric kunye ne-NEC, i-ID eqinisekisiweyo yaseSwitzerland, i-Toshiba Europe Limited, kunye nayo yonke i-Vienna yase-Austria yaseka i-nodes ezintandathu ze-metropolitan quantum network network "Tokyo QKD network" eTokyo.Uthungelwano lugxile kwiziphumo zophando zamva nje zamaziko ophando kunye neenkampani ezinenqanaba eliphezulu lophuhliso kwitekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwe-quantum eJapan naseYurophu.
I-Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. ebekwe eTshayina “kwiSilicon Valley” – iBeijing Zhongguancun, lishishini lobugcisa obuphezulu obuzinikele ekukhonzeni amaziko ophando asekhaya nawangaphandle, amaziko ophando, iiyunivesithi kunye nabasebenzi bophando lwezenzululwazi kushishino.Inkampani yethu ibandakanyeka ikakhulu kuphando oluzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso, uyilo, ukuvelisa, ukuthengisa iimveliso ze-optoelectronic, kwaye ibonelela ngezisombululo ezintsha kunye neenkonzo zobuchwephesha, ezenzelwe umntu abaphandi besayensi kunye neenjineli zeshishini.Emva kweminyaka yokwenziwa kwezinto ezizimeleyo, yenze uluhlu olutyebileyo nolugqibeleleyo lweemveliso zombane, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kumasipala, emkhosini, kwezothutho, kumandla ombane, ezemali, ezemfundo, ezonyango kunye namanye amashishini.
Sijonge phambili kwintsebenziswano nawe!
Ixesha lokuposa: May-05-2023