I-Diffraction optical element luhlobo lwe-optical element enobuchule obuphezulu bokusasazeka, olusekelwe kwithiyori yokusasazwa kwe-diffraction yamaza okukhanya kwaye isebenzisa uyilo oluncediswa yikhompyutha kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa iitshiphusi ze-semiconductor ukukrola isakhiwo senyathelo okanye sokukhulula okuqhubekayo kwi-substrate (okanye umphezulu wesixhobo se-optical sendabuko). Izinto ze-optical ezisasazekileyo zincinci, zilula, zincinci ngobukhulu, zinobuchule obuphezulu bokusasazwa kwe-diffraction, amanqanaba amaninzi oyilo lwenkululeko, uzinzo oluhle lobushushu kunye neempawu ezizodwa zokusasazeka. Zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwizixhobo ezininzi ze-optical. Ekubeni i-diffraction isoloko ikhokelela ekuthintelweni kwesisombululo esiphezulu senkqubo ye-optical, ii-optics zendabuko zihlala zizama ukuphepha iziphumo ezimbi ezibangelwa yimpembelelo yokusasazwa kwe-diffraction kude kube yi-1960s, ngokuveliswa kunye nokuveliswa ngempumelelo kwe-analog holography kunye ne-computer hologram kunye ne-phase diagram kubangele utshintsho olukhulu kwingcamango. Ngeminyaka yoo-1970, nangona ubuchwepheshe be-computer hologram kunye ne-phase diagram babusiya bugqibelela ngakumbi, kwakunzima ukwenza izinto zesakhiwo se-hyperfine ezinobuchule obuphezulu bokusasazwa kwe-diffraction kumaza okukhanya abonakalayo nakufutshane ne-infrared, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa uluhlu olusebenzayo lwezinto ze-optical ezisasazekileyo. Kwiminyaka yoo-1980, iqela lophando elikhokelwa yiWBVeldkamp evela kwiMIT Lincoln Laboratory eUnited States laqala ukwazisa itekhnoloji yelithography yokwenziwa kweVLSI ekuvelisweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo, laza lacebisa ingcamango "ye-binary optics". Emva koko, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, kuquka ukuveliswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezinemisebenzi emininzi. Ngaloo ndlela kwakhuthaza kakhulu uphuhliso lwezinto ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-diffraction yento ye-diffractive optical
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-diffraction yenye yezona zikhokelo zibalulekileyo zokuvavanya izinto ze-optical ezidityanisiweyo kunye neenkqubo ze-optical ezidityanisiweyo ezine-optical elements ezidityanisiweyo. Emva kokuba ukukhanya kudlule kwi-optical element edityanisiweyo, kuya kuveliswa ii-diffraction order ezininzi. Ngokubanzi, kuphela ukukhanya komyalelo oyintloko we-diffraction onikwa ingqalelo. Ukukhanya kwezinye ii-diffraction orders kuya kwenza ukukhanya okungaqhelekanga kwiplane yomfanekiso womyalelo oyintloko we-diffraction kwaye kunciphise umahluko weplane yomfanekiso. Ke ngoko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-diffraction ye-optical element edityanisiweyo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho womfanekiso we-optical element edityanisiweyo.
Uphuhliso lwezinto ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo
Ngenxa yento ye-diffractive optical kunye ne-flexible control wave front yayo, inkqubo ye-optical kunye nesixhobo ziyaphuhliswa zibe zikhanya, zincinci kwaye zidibene. Kude kube yiminyaka yoo-1990, uphando lwezinto ze-diffractive optical luye lwaba yeyona nto iphambili kwintsimi ye-optical. Ezi zixhobo zingasetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni i-laser wavefront, ekwenzeni iprofayili ye-beam, kwi-beam array generator, kwi-optical interconnection, kwi-optical parallel calculation, kwi-satellite optical communication njalo njalo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-25-2023