Amacandelo okubonabhekisa kumalungu aphambili eiinkqubo zamehloabasebenzisa imigaqo ye-optical ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana nokuqwalaselwa, ukulinganisa, ukuhlalutya kunye nokurekhoda, ukusetyenzwa kolwazi, ukuvavanywa komgangatho womfanekiso, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokuguqulwa, kwaye ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamacandelo angundoqo wezixhobo zokukhanya, iimveliso zokubonisa umfanekiso, kunye ne-optical. izixhobo zokugcina.Ngokuchaneka kunye nokuhlelwa kokusetyenziswa, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo emveli kunye nezinto ezichanekileyo ze-optical.Amacandelo emveli optical asetyenziswa ikakhulu kwikhamera yemveli, telescope, microscope kunye nezinye iimveliso optical zemveli;Amacandelo okukhanya achanekileyo asetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifowuni ezihlakaniphile, iiprojekti, iikhamera zedijithali, iikhamera, iikopi zeefotokopi, izixhobo zamehlo, izixhobo zonyango kunye neelensi ezahlukeneyo ezichanekileyo.
Ngophuhliso lwezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nokuphuculwa kweenkqubo zokuvelisa, iifowuni ezihlakaniphile, iikhamera zedijithali kunye nezinye iimveliso ziye zaba yimveliso ebalulekileyo yabathengi kubahlali, ukuqhuba iimveliso ze-optical ukwandisa iimfuno ezichanekileyo zamacandelo optical.
Ukusuka kwimbono yecandelo lesicelo secandelo lehlabathi jikelele, ii-smart phones kunye neekhamera zedijithali zezona zicelo zibalulekileyo zecandelo le-optical component.Imfuno yokubeka iliso kukhuseleko, iikhamera zemoto, kunye namakhaya ahlakaniphileyo ikwabeke phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zokucaca kwekhamera, ezinganyusi nje imfunoukubonaIfilimu yelensi yeekhamera ezinenkcazo ephezulu, kodwa ikwakhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweemveliso zokwaleka zemveli ukuya kwiimveliso zokwaleka ezikwimida yengeniso ephezulu.
Umkhwa wophuhliso lweshishini
① indlela etshintsha ngayo ubume bemveliso
Uphuhliso loshishino lwamacandelo okukhanya oluchanekileyo luxhomekeke kutshintsho kwimfuno yemveliso esezantsi.Amacandelo e-optical asetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ze-optoelectronic ezifana neeprojektha, iikhamera zedijithali kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo zokukhanya.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuthandwa ngokukhawuleza kweefowuni ze-smart, imboni yekhamera yedijithali iyonke ingene kwixesha lokuhla, kwaye isabelo sayo semarike siye satshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe ngeefowuni zekhamera eziphezulu.Amaza ezixhobo ezinxitywayo ezinobuchule ezikhokelwa yi-Apple ziye zabeka isoyikiso esibulalayo kwiimveliso zemveli ze-optoelectronic eJapan.
Lilonke, ukukhula okukhawulezayo kwemfuno yokhuseleko, isithuthi, kunye neemveliso ze-smartphone kuqhube uhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo somzi mveliso wezinto ezibonakalayo.Ngohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo semveliso esezantsi yeshishini le-photoelectric, imboni yecandelo le-optical kumbindi wokufikelela kwikhonkco leshishini linyanzelekile ukuba litshintshe isalathiso sophuhliso lwemveliso, luhlengahlengise ulwakhiwo lwemveliso, kwaye lusondele kumashishini amatsha anjengee-smartphones. , iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye neelensi zemoto.
②Ukutshintsha kwendlela yokuphucula itekhnoloji
Indawo yokukhwelelaiimveliso ze-optoelectronicziphuhla kwicala leepixels eziphezulu, ezibhityileyo kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi, nto leyo ebeka phambili iimfuno zobugcisa eziphezulu kumacandelo okukhanya.Ukuze ulungelelanise le mizila yemveliso enjalo, amacandelo optical atshintshile ngokwezinto eziphathekayo kunye neenkqubo zobugcisa.
(1) Iilensi ze-aspherical zamehlo ziyafumaneka
I-lens ye-Spherical imaging ine-aberration, kulula ukubangela ukubukhali kunye nokuguqulwa kweziphene, i-lens ye-aspherical inokufumana umgangatho ongcono wokucinga, ukulungisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphambuka, ukuphucula ukukwazi ukuchongwa kwenkqubo.Iyakwazi ukuthatha indawo yamacandelo amaninzi e-lens e-spherical enye okanye ezininzi ze-lens ze-aspherical lens, ukwenza lula isakhiwo sesixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.Isibuko se-parabolic esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, isibuko se-hyperboloid kunye nesipili se-elliptic.
(2) Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweeplastiki zamehlo
Izinto eziphambili zezinto ezibonakalayo zamacandelo optical ubukhulu becala yiglasi ebonakalayo, kwaye ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-synthesis kunye nokuphuculwa kobuchwephesha bokucwangcisa, iiplastiki ezibonakalayo ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.Izinto zeglasi ezibonakalayo zendabuko zibiza kakhulu, iteknoloji yokuvelisa kunye nokuhlaziya iyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye isivuno asiphezulu.Xa kuthelekiswa negilasi yamehlo, iiplastiki zamehlo zineempawu ezintle zenkqubo yokubumba iplastiki, ubunzima obulula, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nezinye iingenelo, kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimifanekiso, kwiinqwelomoya, emkhosini, ezonyango, kwinkcubeko nakwimimandla yemfundo yezixhobo zoluntu kunye nezixhobo.
Ngokombono wezicelo ze-lens optical, zonke iintlobo zeelensi kunye neelensi zineemveliso zeplastiki, ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokuthe ngqo yinkqubo yokubumba, ngaphandle kokugaya kwendabuko, ukugaya okulungileyo, ukupholisa kunye nezinye iinkqubo, ngokukodwa ezifanelekileyo kumacandelo e-aspherical optical.Olunye uphawu lokusetyenziswa kweeplastiki ezibonakalayo kukuba i-lens inokuqulunqwa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nesakhiwo sesakhelo, ukwenza lula inkqubo yokuhlanganisana, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wendibano kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-solvents isetyenziselwe ukusabalalisa kwiiplastiki ze-optical ukutshintsha i-refractive index yezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nokulawula iimpawu zemveliso ukusuka kwinqanaba lezinto ezibonakalayo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imveliso yasekhaya yaqala ukunikela ingqalelo kwisicelo kunye nophuhliso lweeplastiki zamehlo, uluhlu lwesicelo sayo lwandisiwe ukusuka kwiindawo ezicacileyo ezibonakalayo ukuya kwiinkqubo ze-imaging optical systems, abavelisi basekhaya kwi-framing optical system ngokuyinxenye okanye konke ukusetyenziswa iiplastiki ezibonakalayo endaweni yeglasi yamehlo.Kwixesha elizayo, ukuba iziphene ezifana nokuzinza okungahambi kakuhle, utshintsho lwe-refractive index kunye nobushushu, kunye nokuxhatshazwa okungahambi kakuhle kunokunqotshwa, ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki ze-optical kwintsimi yamacandelo optical kuya kuba kuninzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-05-2024