Ipropathi yamaza kunye namasuntswana zizinto ezimbini ezisisiseko zenkqunto kwindalo.Kwimeko yokukhanya, impikiswano malunga nokuba liza okanye isuntswana laqala ngenkulungwane ye-17.UNewton waseka ithiyori yokukhanya egqibeleleyo ngokwentelekiso kwincwadi yakheAmehlo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingcamango yokukhanya ibe yeyona ngcamango iphambili phantse inkulungwane.UHuygens, uThomas Young, uMaxwell nabanye babekholelwa ukuba ukukhanya liza.De kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, uEinstein wenza iceboAmehloquantum ingcaciso yephotoelectricisiphumo, esenza abantu baqonde ukuba ukukhanya kuneempawu zamaza namasuntswana amabini.U-Bohr kamva wabonisa kumgaqo wakhe odumileyo wokuncedisana ukuba nokuba ukukhanya kuziphatha njengamaza okanye isuntswana kuxhomekeke kwindawo ethile yovavanyo, kwaye zombini iipropathi azinakubonwa ngaxeshanye kumfuniselo omnye.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba uJohn Wheeler ecebise uvavanyo lwakhe oludumileyo lokulibaziseka lokulibaziseka, ngokusekwe kwinguqulelo ye-quantum, kuye kwangqinwa ngokwethiyori ukuba ukukhanya kunokuthi ngaxeshanye kubandakanye i-wave-particle superposition state "ye-wave okanye isuntswana, iliza okanye isuntswana", kwaye le nto ingaqhelekanga. isenzeko siye sabonwa kwinani elikhulu lemifuniselo.Uvavanyo lokuqwalaselwa kovavanyo lwamaza amasuntswana aphezulu okukhanya kucela umngeni kumda wesiqhelo womgaqo-siseko wokuhambelana we-Bohr kwaye uchaza ngokutsha ingqikelelo yobumbano lwamaza amaza.
Kwi-2013, iphefumlelwe yikati yaseCheshire e-Alice e-Wonderland, uAharonov et al.icebise ithiyori yekati yequantum Cheshire.Le nkcazo-bungcali iveza isenzeko somzimba esenoveli kakhulu, oko kukuthi, umzimba wekati ye-Cheshire (iqumrhu lomzimba) unokuqonda ukwahlulwa kwendawo ukusuka kubuso bayo obuncumayo (uphawu lomzimba), olwenza ukwahlulwa kophawu lwemathiriyeli kunye ne-ontology.Abaphandi emva koko bajonga i-Cheshire cat phenomenon kuzo zombini iinkqubo ze-neutron kunye ne-photon, kwaye bajonga ngakumbi isenzeko seekati ezimbini ze-Cheshire ezitshintshisana ngobuso obuncumileyo.
Kutshanje, ngokuphefumlelwa yile thiyori, iqela likaNjingalwazi uLi Chuanfeng kwiYunivesithi yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yaseTshayina, ngokubambisana neqela likaNjingalwazi uChen Jingling kwiYunivesithi yaseNankai, liye laqonda ukwahlulwa kobumbini obunye.Amehlo, oko kukuthi, ukwahlulwa kwendawo yeepropati zamaza ukusuka kwiipropati zamasuntswana, ngokuyila imifuniselo usebenzisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo enkululeko yeefotoni kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchule bokulinganisa obubuthathaka obusekwe kwindaleko yexesha lenyani.Iipropathi zamaza kunye neepropathi zeefotoni zibonwa ngaxeshanye kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo ziya kunceda ukujula ukuqonda ingcamango esisiseko ye-quantum mechanics, i-wave-particle duality, kunye nendlela yokulinganisa ebuthathaka esetyenzisiweyo iya kubonelela ngeengcamango zophando lovavanyo kwicala lokulinganisa ukuchaneka kwe-quantum kunye nokunxibelelana okuchaseneyo.
|ulwazi lwephepha |
Li, JK., Sun, K., Wang, Y. et al.Umboniso wovavanyo wokwahlula i-wave-particle duality yefoton enye kunye nekati yequantum Cheshire.Light Sci Appl 12, 18 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01063-5
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-25-2023