Enye yezona mpawu zibalulekileyo ze-optical modulator sisantya sayo sokuguqula okanye i-bandwidth, ekufuneka ibe ngokukhawuleza njenge-elektroniki ekhoyo. Ii-transistors ezinee-transit frequency ezingaphezulu kwe-100 GHz sele zibonakalisiwe kwitekhnoloji ye-silicon ye-90 nm, kwaye isantya siya kunyuka ngakumbi njengoko ubungakanani besici esincinci buncitshiswa [1]. Nangona kunjalo, i-bandwidth yee-modulators ezisekwe kwi-silicon yanamhlanje ilinganiselwe. I-Silicon ayinayo i-χ(2)-nonlinearity ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-centro-symmetric crystalline. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicon exineneyo kukhokelele kwiziphumo ezinomdla sele [2], kodwa ii-nonlinearities azikavumeli izixhobo ezisebenzayo. Ii-silicon photonic modulators zanamhlanje ke ngoko zisaxhomekeke kwi-free-carrier dispersion kwi-pn okanye kwi-pin junctions [3-5]. Ii-forward biased junctions zibonakalisiwe ukuba zibonisa imveliso ye-voltage-length ephantsi njenge-VπL = 0.36 V mm, kodwa isantya sokuguqula silinganiselwe zii-dynamics ze-minority carriers. Sekunjalo, amazinga edatha e-10 Gbit/s aveliswe ngoncedo lokugxininisa kwangaphambili kwesignali yombane [4]. Kusetyenziswa ii-junctions ezichaseneyo endaweni yoko, i-bandwidth yonyuswe yaya kwi-30 GHz [5,6], kodwa imveliso yobude be-voltage inyuke yaya kwi-VπL = 40 V mm. Ngelishwa, ezi modulators ze-plasma effect phase zivelisa i-unwared intensity modulation [7], kwaye ziphendula ngokungangqalanga kwi-voltage esetyenzisiweyo. Iifomathi ze-modulation eziphambili ezifana ne-QAM zifuna, nangona kunjalo, impendulo engqalileyo kunye ne-pure phase modulation, okwenza ukusetyenziswa kwe-electro-optic effect (Pockels effect [8]) kube yinto enqwenelekayo.
2. Indlela ye-SOH
Kutshanje, indlela ye-silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) icetyisiwe [9–12]. Umzekelo we-SOH modulator uboniswe kwiFig. 1(a). Iqulathe i-slot waveguide ekhokela i-optical field, kunye ne-silicon strips ezimbini ezidibanisa ngombane i-optical waveguide kwi-electrodes ze-metallic. Ii-electrodes zifumaneka ngaphandle kwe-optical modal field ukuthintela ukulahleka kwe-optical [13], Fig. 1(b). Esi sixhobo sigqunywe ngezinto ze-electro-optic organic ezizalisa i-slot ngokulinganayo. I-modulating voltage ithwalwa yi-metallic electrical waveguide kwaye iwele kwi-slot ngenxa ye-conductive silicon strips. I-electrical field ephumayo emva koko itshintsha i-index of refraction kwi-slot nge-ultra-fast electro-optic effect. Ekubeni i-slot inobubanzi obuyi-100 nm, ii-volts ezimbalwa zanele ukuvelisa amasimi okulawula aqinileyo akwi-oda yobukhulu bamandla e-dielectric wezinto ezininzi. Isakhiwo sinokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-modulation kuba zombini ii-modulating kunye ne-optical fields zixinene ngaphakathi kwi-slot, Fig. 1(b) [14]. Enyanisweni, ukuqaliswa kokuqala kwee-modulators ze-SOH ezine-sub-volt operation [11] sele kubonisiwe, kwaye i-sinusoidal modulation ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 GHz yaboniswa [15,16]. Nangona kunjalo, umngeni ekwakheni ii-modulators ze-SOH ezikhawulezayo ezine-voltage ephantsi kukudala i-strip yokudibanisa eqhuba kakhulu. Kwisekethe elinganayo i-slot inokumelwa yi-capacitor C kunye nee-conductive strips zii-resistors R, Umfanekiso 1(b). I-RC time constant ehambelanayo imisela i-bandwidth yesixhobo [10,14,17,18]. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhathisa i-R, kucetyisiwe ukuba kusetyenziswe ii-silicon strips [10,14]. Ngelixa i-doping inyusa ukuqhutywa kwee-silicon strips (kwaye ngoko ke inyusa ilahleko ze-optical), umntu uhlawula isohlwayo sokulahlekelwa esongezelelweyo kuba ukuhamba kwe-electron kuphazamisekile kukusasazeka kokungcola [10,14,19]. Ngaphezu koko, imizamo yakutshanje yokwenziwa ibonise ukuqhutywa okuphantsi ngokungalindelekanga.
I-Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. ekwi "Silicon Valley" yaseTshayina – iBeijing Zhongguancun, lishishini elinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu elizinikele ekukhonzeni amaziko ophando asekhaya nangaphandle, amaziko ophando, iiyunivesithi kunye nabasebenzi bophando lwezesayensi kwishishini. Inkampani yethu ibandakanyeka kakhulu kuphando oluzimeleyo nophuhliso, uyilo, imveliso, ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ze-optoelectronic, kwaye ibonelela ngezisombululo ezintsha kunye neenkonzo zobungcali, ezenzelwe wena kubaphandi bezesayensi kunye neenjineli zemizi-mveliso. Emva kweminyaka yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha ngokuzimeleyo, yenze uthotho lweemveliso ze-photoelectric ezityebileyo nezigqibeleleyo, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini kamasipala, emkhosini, kwezothutho, kumandla ombane, kwezemali, kwimfundo, kwezonyango nakwamanye amashishini.
Sijonge phambili kwintsebenziswano nawe!
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-29-2023