I-lithium niobate i-electro-optical phase modulator (i-lithium niobate modulator) esekwe kwinkqubo yokusasazwa kwe-titanium ineempawu zokulahleka okuphantsi kokufakwa, i-modulation bandwidth ephezulu, i-voltage yesiqingatha esisezantsi, umonakalo omkhulu wamandla okukhanya, njl. njl. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimimandla ye-optical ukulawulwa kwe-chirp kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ze-high-speed optical, ukutshintshwa kwesigaba kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezihambelanayo, ukuveliswa kwee-sidebands kwiinkqubo ze-ROF, kunye nokunciphisa i-Brillouin scattering (SBS) kwi-analog optical fiber communication systems.