Unxibelelwano lwedijithali olungenazingcingo: Umgaqo wokusebenzaUkuguqulwa kwe-IQ
Ukuguqulwa kwe-IQ sisiseko seendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuguqulwa kwe-high-order ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ze-LTE kunye ne-WiFi, ezifana ne-BPSK, i-QPSK, i-QAM16, i-QAM64, i-QAM256, njl. Ukuqonda umgaqo wokusebenza kokuguqulwa kwe-IQ kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe ngcono indlela esisiseko yokusetyenziswa kwe-OFDM kwi-LTE kunye ne-WiFi. Kuba iindlela zokuguqulwa ezisetyenziswa kwi-subcarrier nganye ye-OFDM ziseziindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuguqulwa kwe-QAM ezisekelwe kwi-IQ modulation, kwaye ngokuyintloko, ukuphunyezwa kwe-OFDM kukubekwa kwe-IQ modulation kwii-subcarriers ezininzi ze-orthogonal.
Iingcamango zika-I no-Q kwi-IQ modulation zihambelana nezifinyezo zamagama amabini esiNgesi: KwiSigaba kunye ne-Quadrature, ngokulandelelana. Ngokusuka kwintsingiselo ecacileyo, amagama eempawu zika-I no-Q azinantsingiselo. Yintoni i-in-phase? Yintoni i-orthogonality? Yeyiphi i-signal esetyenziswa njengesalathiso sokumisela i-in-isigabakunye ne-quadrature? Ekusetyenzisweni okusebenzayo, iseti yamaza e-cosine kunye ne-sine e-frequency efanayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengemiqondiso ye-I kunye ne-Q. Ke ngoko, isignali ye-cosine esetyenziswa njengesignali ye-I ngokwenene sisignali yesalathiso, ewe sisignali ye-In Phase. Isignali ye-cosine ephuma kuma-90 degrees kwisigaba kunye nesignali ye-I ngokwemvelo sisignali yayo ye-Quadrature. Ngoko ke ukuqonda okulula kwemiqondiso ye-IQ modulation kukuqwalasela isignali ye-I njengomqondiso we-cosine carrier, kunye nesignali ye-Q njengomqondiso we-sine carrier onomahluko we-frequency wama-90 degrees kwisignali ye-I.
Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-IQ modulation kukusebenzisa iseti yemiqondiso ye-I, oko kukuthi imiqondiso ye-cosine, kunye nemiqondiso ye-Q, oko kukuthi imiqondiso ye-sine (enomahluko wesigaba sama-90 degrees kunye ne-orthogonal enye kwenye) ye-frequency efanayo neyabathwali, ukuguqula ngaxeshanye imiqondiso emibini ye-baseband kwibathwali ababini, uze emva koko ubeke ngaphezulu imiqondiso emibini eguquliweyo kunye uze uyidlulisele ngesekethe ye-RF. Emva kokufumana isignali yerediyo, isiphelo sokwamkela senza.Ukunciphisa i-IQNgexesha lokususwa kwe-IQ, kuba abathwali ababini bahambelana, imiqondiso emibini ye-baseband inokwahlulwa kwisignali exutyiweyo ngokusekelwe kwimiqondiso ye-I kunye ne-Q carrier esetyenziswe kwinkqubo yangaphambili yokuguqulwa kwaye isuswe ngokwahlukeneyo. Kuzo zombini imiqondiso ye-I kunye ne-Q eguqulwe yi-IQ, ukunyusa i-amplitude yecala elinye akugcini nje ngokunyusa i-amplitude yesignali ehlengahlengisiweyo, kodwa kukwabangela ukuba isigaba sesignali ehlengahlengisiweyo sitshintshele kwicala nge-amplitude ekhulayo. Ngoko ke ngokusisiseko, i-IQ modulation yi-amplitude modulation eyenziwa kwisignali ye-I kunye ne-Q, kodwa isiphumo sokuguqulwa asichaphazeli kuphela i-amplitude yesignali ehlengahlengisiweyo, kodwa notshintsho lwesigaba sayo. Lo ngumgaqo osisiseko wokuguqulwa kwe-IQ kunye nokususwa.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-05-2025