Yintoni iSi photodetector

Yintoni naSiyi-photodetector

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lobuchwepheshe bale mihla, i-photodetectors, njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo senzwa, ziye zafika ngokuthe ngcembe kwimbono yabantu. Ingakumbi iSi photodetector (i-silicon photodetector), kunye nokusebenza kwabo okuphezulu kunye nethemba elibanzi lokusetyenziswa, baye bafumana ingqalelo ebanzi. Eli nqaku liza kubonelela ngengcaciso enzulu kodwa ekulula ukuyiqonda yemigaqo esisiseko, iimpawu zesakhiwo, imimandla yesicelo, kunye neendlela zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-silicon photodetectors kumntu wonke.

Umgaqo osisiseko we-Si photodetectors usekelwe kwimpembelelo ye-photoelectric. Xa i-photons ibetha izinto ze-semiconductor, izibini ze-electron-hole ziyenziwa, eziye zenze umsinga wombane. Izixhobo ze-silicon zineempawu ezintle zokufunxa ukukhanya, ngakumbi kwiibhendi ezibonakalayo kunye ne-infrared ezikufutshane, kwaye ke zifaneleke kakhulu ukusetyenziswa njengesiseko sezinto zefotodetectors. Umgaqo osebenzayo weSi photodetectors unokushwankathelwa ngokulula kumanyathelo amaninzi: izehlo zefoton, ukufunxwa kwefoto, imveliso yenkampani kunye nemveliso yangoku.

Ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo se-silicon photodetectors, zihlala zohlulwe zibe ziinxalenye ezininzi eziphambili: umaleko wokufumana ukukhanya, umaleko wokufumana kunye ne-electrode layer. Umaleko wokufumana ukukhanya unoxanduva lokufunxa ukukhanya kwesiganeko kunye nokuvelisa abathwali, ngelixa i- gain layer isetyenziselwa ukwandisa inani labathwali, ngaloo ndlela iphucula uvakalelo lwe-detector. Uluhlu lwe-electrode luxanduva lokuqokelela abathwali kunye nokwenza iimpawu zangoku. Isakhiwo esilungiselelwe kakuhle sinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwe-detector, njengokuphucula ukuguqulwa kwesithombe sombane kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo.

Iinkalo zesicelo ze-silicon photodetector zibanzi kakhulu, zigubungela imiba emininzi njengonxibelelwano, umfanekiso, kunye nokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo. Kunxibelelwano lwe-optical, i-silicon-based detectors isetyenziselwa ukufumana iimpawu ze-optical kwaye ziguqule zibe yimpawu zombane ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kolwazi. Kwintsimi yokucinga, i-Si photodetector isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiikhamera zedijithali kunye neekhamera zewebhu ukunceda ukuthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo. I-Si photodetector ingasetyenziswa ekubekweni iliso kokusingqongileyo, ukugqiba iimeko zokusingqongileyo ngokubeka iliso utshintsho ekukhanyeni, njengokubona ubukho bezinto ezingcolileyo.

Kwixesha elizayo, iindlela zophuhliso lwe-silicon photodetector ziya kubonakala ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo. Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kulindeleke ukuba kuphucule ukusebenza kwee-detectors, ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwe-alloys emitsha okanye izinto ezidibeneyo ukunyusa umthamo wokufunxa ukukhanya kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum. Ukulungiswa koyilo lolwakhiwo lukwangulwalathiso olubalulekileyo. Ngetekhnoloji ye-microfabrication, i-miniaturization kunye nokudityaniswa kunokufezekiswa ukukhulisa ubuntununtunu kunye nesantya sokuphendulaifotodetector. Ngokudibanisa iteknoloji yokucwangcisa umqondiso ophezulu, umlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo yomtshini unokwandiswa ngakumbi, uqinisekisa ukuzinza kwayo kwiindawo ezinzima. I-Si photodetector, njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo senzwa, ngokuthe ngcembe iguqula ubomi bethu ngokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye nethemba losetyenziso olubanzi. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji, ii-photodetectors ezise-silicon ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimimandla emininzi, izisa amathuba amaninzi kwikamva lethu.