Eyodwai-laser ekhawulezayoinxalenye yesibini
Ukusasazwa kunye nokusasazeka kwentliziyo: Ukulibaziseka kweqela
Owona mceli mngeni unzima wobuchwephesha ojongene nawo xa usebenzisa i-laser ekhawulezayo kukugcina ixesha lee-ultra-short pulses ezikhutshwe kuqalalaser. I-Ultrafast pulses ichaphazeleka kakhulu kukuphazamiseka kwexesha, okwenza iipulses zibe nde. Esi siphumo siya siba mbi ngakumbi njengoko ixesha le-pulse yokuqala lifinyela. Ngelixa ii-laser ze-ultrafast zinokukhupha i-pulses kunye nobude bemizuzwana engama-50, zinokwandiswa ngexesha ngokusebenzisa izipili kunye neelensi ukuhambisa i-pulse kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, okanye ukuhambisa nje i-pulse emoyeni.
Eli xesha liyintlupheko libalwa kusetyenziswa umlinganiselo obizwa ngokuba yi-group delayed dispersion (GDD), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-second-order dispersion. Ngapha koko, kukwakho nemigaqo yokusasazwa komgangatho ophezulu onokuchaphazela ukuhanjiswa kwexesha le-ultrafart-laser pulses, kodwa ekusebenzeni, ngokuqhelekileyo kwanele nje ukuvavanya isiphumo se-GDD. I-GDD lixabiso elixhomekeke kwi-frequency ehambelana ngokuhambelana nobukhulu besixhobo esinikiweyo. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-optics njengelensi, ifestile, kunye nezinto ezinjongo ziqhelekile zinexabiso elincomekayo le-GDD, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba xa iipulse zicinezelekile zinokunika i-optics yothumelo ixesha elide kunelo likhutshwaiinkqubo laser. Izixhobo ezinamaza asezantsi (oko kukuthi, ubude bezaza ezinde) zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunamalungu anezandiso eziphezulu (okt, ubude obufutshane be-waveleng). Njengoko i-pulse idlula kwimiba emininzi nangaphezulu, ubude be-wavelength kwi-pulse iya kuqhubeka nokwandisa ngakumbi nangakumbi ngexesha. Ubude bexesha elifutshane le-pulse, kwaye ngoko ke i-bandwidths ebanzi, esi siphumo siyabaxwa ngakumbi kwaye sinokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwexesha le-pulse.
Izicelo ze-laser ezikhawulezayo
i-spectroscopy
Ukusukela ekufikeni kwemithombo ye-laser ye-ultrafast, i-spectroscopy ibe yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zesicelo. Ngokunciphisa ixesha lokubetha kwentliziyo ukuya kwi-femtoseconds okanye nakwi-attoseconds, iinkqubo eziguquguqukayo kwifiziksi, ikhemistri kunye nebhayoloji ebezikade zingenakwenzeka ngokwembali ukubonwa zinokufezekiswa ngoku. Enye yeenkqubo eziphambili kukunyakaza kwe-athomu, kwaye ukubonwa kwentshukumo ye-athomu kuye kwaphucula ukuqonda kwenzululwazi kweenkqubo ezisisiseko ezifana nokungcangcazela kwemolekyuli, ukuchithwa kwemolekyuli kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla kwiiprotheni ze-photosynthetic.
bioimaging
Ipeak-power ultrafast lasers zixhasa iinkqubo ezingezizo kwaye ziphucula isisombululo somfanekiso webhayoloji, onje ngemicroscope yeefoto ezininzi. Kwinkqubo ye-multi-photon, ukwenzela ukuvelisa isignali engabonakaliyo kwi-biological medium okanye kwithagethi ye-fluorescent, iifotoni ezimbini kufuneka zidibanise kwindawo kunye nexesha. Le ndlela engabonakaliyo iphucula isisombululo somfanekiso ngokunciphisa kakhulu izibonakaliso ze-fluorescence zangasemva ezithwaxa izifundo zeenkqubo ze-photon enye. Imvelaphi yesignali eyenziwe lula ibonisiwe. Ummandla omncinci wochulumanco we-multiphoton microscope ikwathintela i-phototoxicity kwaye inciphisa umonakalo kwisampulu.
Umzobo 1: Umzekelo womzobo wendlela ye-beam kwi-multi-photon microscope experiment
Ukulungiswa kwezinto zeLaser
Imithombo ye-laser ye-Ultrafast nayo iguqule i-laser micromachining kunye nokulungiswa kwezinto ngenxa yendlela ekhethekileyo yokuba i-ultrashort pulses isebenzisana nezinto. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, xa kuxoxwa nge-LDT, ubude be-pulse ultrafast bukhawuleza kunexesha lokusabalalisa ubushushu kwi-lattice yezinto. Iilaser ze-Ultrafast zivelisa indawo encinci kakhulu echaphazelekayo kubushushu kunokoi-nanosecond pulsed lasers, okukhokelela kwilahleko ephantsi yokusika kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo. Lo mgaqo uyasebenza nakwizicelo zonyango, apho ukunyuka kokuchaneka kwe-ultrafart-laser cutting kunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo kwizicubu ezijikelezayo kunye nokuphucula amava esigulane ngexesha lotyando lwe-laser.
I-Attosecond pulses: ikamva le-laser ultrafast
Njengoko uphando luqhubela phambili ukuqhubela phambili ii-laser ze-ultrafast, imithombo yokukhanya emitsha kunye nephuculweyo enobude obufutshane be-pulse iyaphuhliswa. Ukufumana ingqiqo kwiinkqubo zomzimba ezikhawulezayo, abaninzi abaphandi bagxininisa kwisizukulwana se-attosecond pulses - malunga ne-10-18 s kwi-ultraviolet eyingozi kakhulu (XUV) uluhlu lwamaza. I-Attosecond pulses ivumela ukulandelwa kwentshukumo ye-electron kwaye siphucule ukuqonda kwethu isakhiwo sombane kunye nee-quantum mechanics. Ngelixa ukudityaniswa kwe-XUV attosecond lasers kwiinkqubo zemizi-mveliso kuseza kwenza nkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo, uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwintsimi ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubutyhala obu buchwepheshe ngaphandle kwelebhu kunye nokuveliswa, njengoko bekunjalo nge-femtosecond kunye ne-piccosecond.imithombo laser.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2024