Ifilim encinci lithium niobate (LN) ifotodetector

Ifilim encinci lithium niobate (LN) ifotodetector

I-Lithium niobate (LN) inesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sekristale kunye nemiphumo ecebileyo yomzimba, njengemiphumo engabonakaliyo, imiphumo ye-electro-optic, imiphumo ye-pyroelectric, kunye nemiphumo ye-piezoelectric. Ngelo xesha, ineenzuzo zefestile ye-wideband optical transparency kunye nokuzinza kwexesha elide. Ezi mpawu zenza i-LN iqonga elibalulekileyo kwisizukulwana esitsha se-photonics edibeneyo. Kwizixhobo ze-optical kunye neenkqubo ze-optoelectronic, iimpawu ze-LN zinokubonelela ngemisebenzi ecebileyo kunye nokusebenza, ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa konxibelelwano lwe-optical, i-computing optical, kunye ne-optical sensing fields. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobuthathaka obuthathaka kunye neempawu ze-insulation ze-lithium niobate, ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kwe-lithium niobate kusajongene nengxaki yokufumanisa ubunzima. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iingxelo kule ntsimi ikakhulu zibandakanya i-waveguide photodetectors edibeneyo kunye ne-heterojunction photodetectors.
I-waveguide edibeneyo ye-photodetector esekelwe kwi-lithium niobate idla ngokugxila kunxibelelwano lwe-Optical C-band (1525-1565nm). Ngokumalunga nomsebenzi, i-LN ikakhulu idlala indima yamaza akhokelwayo, ngelixa umsebenzi wokufumanisa i-optoelectronic uxhomekeke ikakhulu kwii-semiconductors ezifana ne-silicon, i-III-V yeqela elimxinwa le-semiconductors ye-bandgap, kunye nezixhobo ezine-dimensional. Kwisakhiwo esinjalo, ukukhanya kuhanjiswa nge-lithium niobate optical waveguides kunye nelahleko ephantsi, kwaye emva koko ifunnwe zezinye izinto ze-semiconductor ezisekelwe kwimiphumo ye-photoelectric (efana ne-photoconductivity okanye i-photovoltaic effects) ukunyusa ugxininiso lomthwali kunye nokuguqula ibe yimiqondiso yombane yokuphuma. Izibonelelo ziphezulu bandwidth yokusebenza (~GHz), i-voltage ephantsi yokusebenza, ubungakanani obuncinci, kunye nokuhambelana nokuhlanganiswa kwe-photonic chip. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwahlulwa kwendawo ye-lithium niobate kunye nezixhobo ze-semiconductor, nangona ngamnye wenza imisebenzi yakhe, i-LN idlala indima kuphela ekukhokeleni amaza kunye nezinye iipropati ezibalaseleyo zangaphandle azizange zisetyenziswe kakuhle. Izixhobo ze-Semiconductor zidlala indima kuphela ekuguquleni i-photoelectric kunye nokungabikho kokudibanisa okuhambelanayo kunye nomnye, okukhokelela kwibhendi yokusebenza elinganiselweyo. Ngokubhekiselele ekuphunyezweni okuthe ngqo, ukudityaniswa kokukhanya ukusuka kumthombo wokukhanya ukuya kwi-lithium niobate optical waveguide kubangela ilahleko enkulu kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zenkqubo. Ukongezelela, awona mandla okukhanya okwenene okukhanya kwe-irradiated kwi-channel yesixhobo se-semiconductor kummandla wokudibanisa kunzima ukulinganisa, okunciphisa ukufumanisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Eyemveliii-photodetectorsezisetyenziselwa ukwenza imifanekiso yezicelo zidla ngokusekwe kwimathiriyeli ye-semiconductor. Ngoko ke, i-lithium niobate, izinga layo eliphantsi lokufunxa ukukhanya kunye neempawu ezikhuselayo zenza ukuba ngokungathandabuzekiyo zingathandwa ngabaphandi be-photodetector, kunye nenqaku elinzima kwintsimi. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-heterojunction kwiminyaka yakutshanje lwazise ithemba kuphando lwe-lithium niobate esekwe kwi-photodetectors. Ezinye izinto ezinokufunxwa kokukhanya okuqinileyo okanye i-conductivity egqwesileyo zinokudityaniswa ngokugqithisileyo kunye ne-lithium niobate ukuhlawula ukusilela kwayo. Kwangaxeshanye, i-polarization ezenzekelayo yenza iimpawu ze-pyroelectric ze-lithium niobate ngenxa ye-anisotropy yesakhiwo inokulawulwa ngokuguqula ubushushu phantsi kwe-irradiation yokukhanya, ngaloo ndlela itshintsha iimpawu ze-pyroelectric zokufumanisa i-optoelectronic. Esi siphumo se-thermal sinezibonelelo ze-wideband kunye nokuziqhuba, kwaye sinokuncediswa kakuhle kwaye zidibaniswe nezinye izinto. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-synchronous of thermal and photoelectric effects kuvule ixesha elitsha le-lithium niobate esekelwe kwi-photodetectors, eyenza izixhobo zidibanise izibonelelo zombini iziphumo. Kwaye ukwenza ukusilela kunye nokufezekisa ukudibanisa okuhambelanayo kweenzuzo, Yindawo yophando kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kokufakelwa kwe-ion, ubunjineli bebhendi, kunye nobunjineli besiphene kukwalukhetho oluhle lokusombulula ubunzima bokubona i-lithium niobate. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobunzima bokucubungula okuphezulu kwe-lithium niobate, le ntsimi isajongene nemingeni emikhulu efana nokuhlanganiswa okuphantsi, izixhobo ze-imaging kunye neenkqubo, kunye nokusebenza okungonelanga, okunexabiso elikhulu lophando kunye nendawo.

Umzobo we-1, usebenzisa i-defect power states ngaphakathi kwe-LN bandgap njengamaziko omnikeli we-electron, abathwali bentlawulo yamahhala benziwa kwibhendi yokuqhuba phantsi kwe-excitation yokukhanya ebonakalayo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-pyroelectric LN photodetectors yangaphambili, ebezidla ngokukhawulelwa kwisantya sokuphendula esimalunga ne-100Hz, oku.Isixhobo sokufota se-LNinesantya sokuphendula esikhawulezayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10kHz. Ngeli xesha, kulo msebenzi, kwaboniswa ukuba i-magnesium ion doped LN inokufezekisa ukumodareyitha kokukhanya kwangaphandle ngempendulo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10kHz. Lo msebenzi ukhuthaza uphando kwintsebenzo ephezulu kunyeii-photodetectors ze-LN ezinesantya esiphezulukulwakhiwo lwe-single-chip edibeneyo edibeneyo ye-LN photonic chips.
Isishwankathelo, inkalo yophando yeifilim encinci lithium niobate photodetectorsinokubaluleka kwezenzululwazi okubalulekileyo kunye namandla amakhulu okusebenziseka okunokwenzeka. Kwixesha elizayo, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji kunye nokujula kophando, ifilim encinci ye-lithium niobate (LN) i-photodetectors iya kuphuhlisa ekudibaneni okuphezulu. Ukudibanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa ukuphumeza ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye ne-wideband ebhityileyo ifilimu ye-lithium niobate photodetectors kuzo zonke iinkalo ziya kuba yinyani, eya kukhuthaza kakhulu uphuhliso lwe-on-chip indibaniselwano kunye namasimi okuqonda okunengqondo, kunye nokubonelela ngamathuba amaninzi kwisizukulwana esitsha sezicelo ze-photonics.