Iintlobo ze-laser ehlengahlengiswayo

Iintlobo zei-laser ehlengahlengiswayo

Ukusetyenziswa kweelaser ezilungisekayo ngokubanzi kunokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: enye kuxa iilaser ezine-single-line okanye ezine-multi-line fixed-wavelength zingenakubonelela nge-wavelength enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezifunekayo; Enye ididi ibandakanya iimeko aphoilezaubude bomda kufuneka buqhubeke bulungiswa ngexesha lovavanyo okanye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-spectroscopy kunye novavanyo lokubona ipompo.

Iindidi ezininzi zeelaser ezilungisekayo zinokuvelisa i-tunable continuous wave (CW), i-nanosecond, i-picosecond okanye i-femtosecond pulse outputs. Iimpawu zayo zokukhupha zimiselwa yi-laser gain medium esetyenziswayo. Imfuneko esisiseko yeelaser ezilungisekayo kukuba zinokukhupha iilaser kuluhlu olubanzi lwee-wavelengths. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-optical zingasetyenziselwa ukukhetha ii-wavelengths ezithile okanye ii-wavelength bands ezivela kwii-emission bands zeiileyiza ezilungisekayoApha siza kwazisa ii-laser ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezilungisekayo kuwe

I-laser yamaza emile yeCW ehlengahlengiswayo

Ngokwengqiqo,Ileyiza yeCW elungisekayoyeyona ndlela ilula yoyilo lwelaser. Le laser ibandakanya isibuko esibonakalisa ukukhanya okuphezulu, i-gain medium kunye nesibuko sokudibanisa ukuphuma (jonga uMfanekiso 1), kwaye inokubonelela nge-CW output isebenzisa i-laser gain media eyahlukeneyo. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukulungiswa, kufuneka kukhethwe i-gain medium enokufikelela kuluhlu lwamaza ekujoliswe kuwo.

2. Ilaser yeringi yeCW elungisekayo

Iilaser zeringi bezisoloko zisetyenziswa ukufezekisa imveliso yeCW ehlengahlengiswayo ngemo enye ye-longitudinal, ene-bandwidth ye-spectral kuluhlu lwe-kilohertz. Njengeelaser zamaza amileyo, iilaser zeringi ezihlengahlengiswayo zingasebenzisa iidayi kunye ne-titanium sapphire njenge-gain media. Iidayi zinokubonelela ngobubanzi bomgca obuncinci kakhulu obungaphantsi kwe-100 kHz, ngelixa i-titanium sapphire inikezela ngobubanzi bomgca obungaphantsi kwe-30 kHz. Uluhlu lokulungisa lwelaser yedayi yi-550 ukuya kwi-760 nm, kwaye olo lwelaser ye-titanium sapphire yi-680 ukuya kwi-1035 nm. Iziphumo zazo zombini ezi ntlobo ze-laser zinokuphindaphindwa kabini kwi-UV band.

3. I-laser etshixwayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi, ukuchaza ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu zexesha lokukhupha i-laser kubaluleke ngakumbi kunokuchaza ngokuchanekileyo amandla. Enyanisweni, ukufikelela kwiipulses ezimfutshane ze-optical kufuna uqwalaselo lwe-cavity kunye neendlela ezininzi ze-longitudinal eziphindaphindayo ngaxeshanye. Xa ezi ndlela ze-cyclic longitudinal zinobudlelwane besigaba esizinzileyo ngaphakathi kwe-laser cavity, i-laser iya kutshixwa kwi-mode. Oku kuya kwenza i-pulse enye ijikeleze ngaphakathi kwe-cavity, ixesha layo lichazwa bubude be-laser cavity. I-Active mode-locking inokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa i-i-modulator ye-acousto-optic(AOM), okanye i-passive mode-locking inokuphunyezwa ngelensi yeKerr.

4. I-laser ye-ytterbium ekhawulezayo kakhulu

Nangona iilaser ze-titanium sapphire ziluncedo kakhulu, ezinye iimvavanyo zebhayoloji zifuna ubude be-wavelengths. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokufunxa ii-photon ezimbini ivuselelwa zii-photon ezinobude be-wavelength obuyi-900 nm. Ngenxa yokuba ubude be-wavelengths buthetha ukusasazeka okuncinci, ubude be-wavelengths bokuchukumisa bunokuqhuba ngempumelelo iimvavanyo zebhayoloji ezifuna ubunzulu bemifanekiso enzulu.

Kule mihla, iilaser ezilungisekayo zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, ukusuka kuphando olusisiseko lwesayensi ukuya ekuvelisweni kwelaser kunye nesayensi yobomi nempilo. Uluhlu lobuchwepheshe olukhoyo ngoku lubanzi kakhulu, luqala kwiinkqubo ezilula zeCW ezilungisekayo, ezinobubanzi obumxinwa obunokusetyenziselwa i-spectroscopy enesisombululo esiphezulu, ukubanjwa kweemolekyuli kunye neeatomic, kunye novavanyo lwe-quantum optics, olubonelela ngolwazi oluphambili kubaphandi banamhlanje. Abavelisi belaser banamhlanje banikezela ngezisombululo ze-one-stop, ezibonelela ngemveliso yelaser egubungela ngaphezulu kwe-300 nm ngaphakathi koluhlu lwamandla e-nanojoule. Iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi zigubungela uluhlu olubanzi olumangalisayo lwe-200 ukuya kwi-20,000 nm kuluhlu lwamandla e-microjoule kunye ne-millijoule.