Kwimodyuli yonxibelelwano olunesantya esiphezulu se-silicon-based optoelectronic IQ

I-compact silicon-based optoelectronicImodyuli ye-IQkunxibelelwano oluluqilima oluhambelanayo
Ukwanda kwemfuno yamazinga aphezulu othumelo lwedatha kunye nee-transceivers ezinamandla ngakumbi kumaziko edatha kuye kwaqhuba uphuhliso lwentsebenzo ephezulu ehlangeneyo.iimodyuli zamehlo. Itekhnoloji ye-silicon esekelwe kwi-optoelectronic (i-SiPh) iye yaba liqonga elithembisayo lokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo e-photonic kwi-chip enye, eyenza izisombululo ezidibeneyo kunye neendleko. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga unoveli ophetheyo ocinezele imodyuli ye-silicon IQ esekwe kwi-GeSi EAMs, enokusebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75 Gbaud.
Uyilo lwesixhobo kunye neempawu
I-modulator ye-IQ ecetywayo ithatha i-compact three arm structure, njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 1 (a). Idityaniswe ngee-GeSi EAM ezintathu kunye ne-thermo optical phase shifters, ithatha uqwalaselo olulingeneyo. Ukukhanya kwegalelo kudibaniswa kwi-chip nge-coupler grating (GC) kwaye ihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo kwiindlela ezintathu nge-1 × 3 i-interferometer ye-multimode (MMI). Emva kokudlula kwi-modulator kunye ne-fase shifter, ukukhanya kuphinda kuhlanganiswe enye i-1 × 3 MMI kwaye emva koko kudityaniswe ne-fiber yemodi enye (SSMF).

Umzobo 1: (a) Umfanekiso weMicroscopic we-IQ modulator; (b) – (d) EO S21, extinction ratio spectrum, kunye nokuhanjiswa kweGeSi EAM enye; (e) Umzobo weSchematic wemodyuli ye-IQ kunye nesigaba sokukhanya esihambelanayo sesigaba sokutshintsha; (f) Ukumelwa komthwali wokucinezelwa kwinqwelo-moya enzima. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 1 (b), i-GeSi EAM ine-wide electro-optic bandwidth. Umzobo we-1 (b) ulinganisa i-parameter ye-S21 yesakhiwo esisodwa sovavanyo lwe-GeSi EAM usebenzisa i-67 GHz optical component analyzer (LCA). Amanani 1 (c) kunye no-1 (d) ngokulandelelanayo abonisa umlinganiselo omileyo wokutshabalala (ER) spectra kwiivolthi ezahlukeneyo ze-DC kunye nokuhanjiswa kumgama wamaza we-1555 nanometers.
Njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 1 (e), into ephambili yolu qulunqo kukukwazi ukucinezela abathwali be-optical ngokulungelelanisa i-shifter phase edibeneyo kwingalo ephakathi. Umahluko wesigaba phakathi kweengalo eziphezulu nezisezantsi ngu π/2, esetyenziselwa ukulungisa okuntsonkothileyo, ngelixa umahluko wesigaba phakathi kwengalo ephakathi ingu -3 π/4. Olu lungelelwaniso luvumela ukuphazamiseka okutshabalalisayo kumthwali, njengoko kuboniswe kwindiza eyinkimbinkimbi yoMfanekiso 1 (f).
Ukuseta uvavanyo kunye neziphumo
Ukuseta isantya esiphezulu sokulinga kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2 (a). Ijenereyitha yefom yamaza engenamkhethe (Keysight M8194A) isetyenziswa njengomthombo womqondiso, kunye nezigaba ezibini ze-60 GHz ezihambelana nezandisi zeRF (ezineeteki ezidityanisiweyo zokukhetha) zisetyenziswa njengabaqhubi bemodyuli. Umbane ocalanye we-GeSi EAM yi--2.5 V, kwaye intambo ye-RF ehambelana nesigaba isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungahambelani kwesigaba sombane phakathi kweetshaneli ze-I kunye ne-Q.
Umzobo 2: (a) Ukuseta isantya esiphezulu sovavanyo, (b) Ukunyanzeliswa kweCarriers kwi-70 Gbaud, (c) Izinga lephutha kunye nomlinganiselo wedatha, (d) I-Constellation kwi-70 Gbaud. Sebenzisa i-laser ye-cavity yangaphandle yorhwebo (ECL) kunye nobubanzi bomgca we-100 kHz, i-wavelength ye-1555 nm, kunye namandla e-12 dBm njenge-carrier optical. Emva kokumodareyitha, isignali ye-optical yandiswa ngokusebenzisa iI-erbium-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA) ukubuyisela ilahleko yokudibanisa kwi-chip kunye nelahleko yokufaka imodyuli.
Ekupheleni kokufumana, i-Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) ibeka iliso kwi-spectrum yesignali kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwe-carrier carrier, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 2 (b) kwi-signal ye-70 Gbaud. Sebenzisa i-polarization edibeneyo yokwamkela i-polarization ukufumana imiqondiso, equka i-90 degree optical mixer kunye nezine.40 GHz photodiodes elungeleleneyo, kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-33 GHz, i-80 GSa / s i-oscilloscope yexesha langempela (RTO) (I-Keysight DSOZ634A). Umthombo wesibini we-ECL onobubanzi bomgca we-100 kHz usetyenziswa njenge-oscillator yendawo (LO). Ngenxa yokusebenza komthumeli phantsi kweemeko zepolarization enye, iziteshi zombane ezimbini kuphela ezisetyenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwe-analog-to-digital (ADC). Idatha irekhodwa kwi-RTO kwaye iqhutywe kusetyenziswa iprosesa yesignali yedijithali engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi (DSP).
Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 2 (c), i-modulator ye-IQ yavavanywa kusetyenziswa ifomati ye-QPSK yokumodareyitha ukusuka kwi-40 Gbaud ukuya kwi-75 Gbaud. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba phantsi kweemeko ze-7% zesigqibo esinzima sokulungiswa kwempazamo (HD-FEC), izinga linokufikelela kwi-140 Gb / s; Ngaphantsi kwemeko ye-20% yesigqibo esithambileyo sokulungiswa kwephutha (SD-FEC), isantya sinokufikelela kwi-150 Gb / s. Umzobo we-constellation kwi-70 Gbaud uboniswe kwi-Figure 2 (d). Isiphumo sinqunyelwe yi-oscilloscope bandwidth ye-33 GHz, elingana ne-signal bandwidth malunga ne-66 Gbaud.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2 (b), ukwakheka kweengalo ezintathu kunokucinezela ngokufanelekileyo abathwali be-optical kunye nezinga elingenanto elidlula i-30 dB. Esi sakhiwo asifuni ukunyanzeliswa okupheleleyo komthuthi kwaye sinokusetyenziselwa abamkeli abafuna amathoni okuthutha ukubuyisela iimpawu, ezifana nabamkeli beKramer Kronig (KK). Umthwali unokuhlengahlengiswa ngokutshintsha kwesigaba sengalo esisembindini ukuze afezekise umthwali ofunwayo kumlinganiselo webhendi yecala (CSR).
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezicelo
Xa kuthelekiswa neemodyuli zeMach Zehnder zemveli (Iimodyuli zeMZM) kunye nezinye i-silicon-based optoelectronic IQ modulators, i-silicon IQ modulator ecetywayo ineenzuzo ezininzi. Okokuqala, ixinene ngobukhulu, ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ali-10 amancinci kuneemodyuli ze-IQ ezisekwe kuyoIimodyuli zeMach Zehnder(ngaphandle kweepads zokudibanisa), ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukuxinana kokudibanisa kunye nokunciphisa indawo ye-chip. Okwesibini, uyilo lwe-electrode egciniweyo ayifuni ukusetyenziswa kwezixhasi zetheminali, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa amandla esixhobo kunye namandla kancinci. Okwesithathu, ukunyanzeliswa komphathiswa kwandisa ukuncitshiswa kwamandla okuhambisa, ngakumbi ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Ukongeza, i-bandwidth ye-Optical ye-GeSi EAM ibanzi kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-nanometers ye-30), isusa imfuno yeesekethe zolawulo lweempendulo zamatshaneli amaninzi kunye neeprosesa zokuzinzisa kunye nokulungelelanisa i-resonance ye-modulators ye-microwave (MRMs), ngokwenza lula ukuyila.
Le modulator ye-IQ edibeneyo kunye nesebenzayo ifaneleke kakhulu kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, isibalo esiphezulu seshaneli, kunye ne-transceivers encinci ehambelanayo kumaziko edatha, eyenza umthamo ophezulu kunye nonxibelelwano olubonakalayo olunamandla ngakumbi.
I-carrier icinezele i-silicon IQ modulator ibonisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo, kunye nesantya sokuhanjiswa kwedatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150 Gb / s phantsi kweemeko ze-SD-FEC ze-20%. I-compact 3-arm structure esekelwe kwi-GeSi EAM ineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo ngokubhekiselele kwi-footprint, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokulula ukuyila. Le modulator inamandla okucinezela okanye ukulungelelanisa umthwali we-optical kwaye inokudityaniswa kunye nokufumanisa okuhambelanayo kunye ne-Kramer Kronig (KK) izikimu zokufumanisa ii-multi-line compact coherent transceivers. Iimpumelelo ezibonakalisiweyo ziqhuba ukufezekiswa kwee-transceivers ezibonakalayo ezidityanisiweyo kunye nezisebenzayo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yokunxibelelana kwedatha ephezulu kumaziko edatha kunye nezinye iinkalo.