Inxalenye yeNYE
I-1, ukufumanisa kuyindlela ethile yomzimba, yahlula inani leeparamitha ezilinganisiweyo zoluhlu oluthile, ukwenzela ukugqiba ukuba iiparitha ezilinganisiweyo zifanelekile okanye ukuba inani leeparamitha likhona. Inkqubo yokuthelekisa ubungakanani obungaziwayo obulinganiswa nobungakanani obuqhelekileyo bohlobo olufanayo, ukugqiba ukuphindwa komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo olinganiswe liqela elilinganisiweyo, kunye nokuvakalisa oku phinda-phinda ngokwamanani.
Kwintsimi yokuzenzekelayo kunye nokufumanisa, umsebenzi wokufumanisa awukona nje ukuhlolwa kunye nokulinganisa kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo okanye iimveliso ezigqityiweyo, kodwa kunye nokuhlola, ukulawula nokulawula inkqubo yokuvelisa okanye ukuhambisa into ukuze iyenze ibe yinto engcono kakhulu. imeko ekhethwe ngabantu, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa nokulinganisa ubungakanani kunye nokutshintsha kweeparamitha ezahlukeneyo nangaliphi na ixesha. Le teknoloji yokufunyanwa kwexesha langempela kunye nokulinganisa inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nezinto ezihambayo zikwabizwa ngokuba yiteknoloji yokuhlola ubunjineli.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zomlinganiselo: umlinganiselo othe ngqo kunye nomlinganiselo ongathanga ngqo
Umlinganiselo othe ngqo kukulinganisa ixabiso elilinganisiweyo lokufundwa kwemitha ngaphandle kwalo naluphi na ubalo, olunje: usebenzisa ithemometha ukulinganisa ubushushu, usebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa amandla ombane.
Umlinganiselo ongathanga ngqo kukulinganisa amanani abonakalayo aliqela anxulumene nokulinganiswa, nokubala ixabiso elilinganisiweyo ngobudlelwane obusebenzayo. Ngokomzekelo, amandla P anxulumene ne-voltage V kunye ne-current I, oko kukuthi, i-P = VI, kwaye amandla abalwa ngokulinganisa i-voltage kunye ne-current.
Umlinganiselo othe ngqo ulula kwaye ulungele, kwaye uhlala usetyenziswa ekusebenzeni. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko apho umlinganiselo othe ngqo ungenakwenzeka, ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kuphazamisekile okanye impazamo yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo inkulu, imilinganiselo engathanga ngqo ingasetyenziswa.
Ingcamango ye-photoelectric sensor kunye nenzwa
Umsebenzi we-sensor kukuguqula ubuninzi obungenguwo umbane kwisiphumo sobuninzi bombane apho kukho ubudlelwane obuchanekileyo obuhambelanayo, okuyiyona nto idibeneyo phakathi kwenkqubo yobuninzi obungekho bombane kunye nenkqubo yobuninzi bombane. Kwinkqubo yokufumanisa kunye nokulawula, inzwa sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuguqula. Ukususela kumbono wamandla, inzwa inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: enye inzwa yokulawula amandla, eyaziwa ngokuba yinzwa esebenzayo; Enye i-sensor yokuguqula amandla, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-passive sensor. I-sensor yokulawula amandla ibhekiselele kwi-sensor iya kulinganiswa kwinguqu yeeparameters zombane (ezifana nokuchasana, amandla) utshintsho, inzwa kufuneka yongeze unikezelo lwamandla othakazelisayo, inokulinganiswa iiparitha ezitshintshileyo kwi-voltage, utshintsho lwangoku. I-sensor yokuguqula amandla inokuguqula ngokuthe ngqo utshintsho olulinganisiweyo kwinguqu ye-voltage kunye yangoku, ngaphandle komthombo wangaphandle wokuvuselela.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubungakanani obungeyo-yombane obunokulinganiswa ayilohlobo lobungakanani obungeyo-yombane obunokuthi inzwa inokuguqula, nto leyo efuna ukongeza isixhobo okanye isixhobo phambi kwesixhobo soluvo esinokuguqula ubungakanani obungengowombane obulinganiswe kwi ubuninzi obungengombane obunokuthi inzwa inokuyifumana kwaye iguqule. Icandelo okanye isixhobo esinokuguqula umbane olinganisiweyo kumbane okhoyo yisinzwa. Umzekelo, xa ulinganisa i-voltage ngegeyiji yoxinzelelo lokumelana, kuyafuneka ukuba uncamathisele igeyiji yoxinzelelo kwinto e-elastiki yoxinzelelo lokuthengisa, into e-elastiki iguqula uxinzelelo lube ngamandla oxinzelelo, kwaye igeyiji yoxinzelelo iguqula amandla oxinzelelo abe yintsimbi. utshintsho ekuchaseni. Apha igeyiji yoxinzelelo yisivamvo, kunye ne-elastic element sisiva. Zombini i-sensor kunye ne-sensor inokuguqula i-non-electricity elinganisiweyo nangaliphi na ixesha, kodwa i-sensor iguqula i-non-electricity elinganisiweyo ibe yi-non-electricity ekhoyo, kwaye i-sensor iguqula umlinganiselo ongeyena umbane kumbane.
2, inzwa yombaneisekelwe kwimpembelelo ye-photoelectric, umqondiso wokukhanya kwi-sensor yesignali yombane, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulawulo oluzenzekelayo, i-aerospace kunye nerediyo kunye nomabonwakude kunye nezinye iindawo.
Abenzi boluvo befoto yombane ikakhulu baquka iifotodiode, ii-phototransistors, ii-Cd ze-photoresistors, ii-photocouplers, izivamvo zombane ezizuzwe njengelifa, iiseli zefoto kunye neesensi zemifanekiso. Itheyibhile yeentlobo eziphambili ziboniswa kumzobo ongezantsi. Kwisicelo esisebenzayo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha inzwa efanelekileyo ukufezekisa umphumo oyifunayo. Umgaqo wokhetho jikelele ngulo:ukubonwa kombane wefoto ngesantya esiphezuluisiphaluka, uluhlu olubanzi lwemitha yokukhanyisa, i-ultra-high-speed laser sensor kufuneka ikhethe i-photodiode; Inzwa elula ye-photoelectric sensor yamawaka aliqela eHertz kunye ne-low-speed pulse photoelectric switch kwisekethe elula kufuneka ikhethe i-phototransistor; Nangona isantya sokuphendula sicotha, isivamvo sebhulorho echasayo esebenza kakuhle kunye nesivamvo sombane esinepropathi yokumelana, isivamvo sombane kwisekhethi yokukhanyisa ngokuzenzekelayo yesibane sesitrato, kunye nokumelana okuguquguqukayo okutshintsha ngokulinganayo ngamandla okukhanya kufuneka kukhethe. IiCd kunye nePbs izinto ezithatha ifoto; Iikhowudi ze-Rotary, i-speed sensors kunye ne-ultra-high speed laser sensors kufuneka zidibaniswe i-photoelectric sensors.
Uhlobo lwesivamvo sombane
PN isiphambukaPN Photodiode(Si, Ge, GaAs)
I-PIN Photodiode (Si imathiriyeli)
Avalanche photodiode(Si, Ge)
Phototransistor (PhotoDarlington ityhubhu) (Si izinto)
Isivamvo sombane esidityanisiweyo kunye ne-photoelectric thyristor (izinto eziphathekayo)
I-photocell ye-non-pn junction (izinto eziphathekayo zisebenzisa i-CdS, i-CdSe, i-Se, i-PbS)
Amacandelo e-Thermoelectric (izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo (PZT, LiTaO3, PbTiO3)
Ityhubhu ye-electron yohlobo lwe-phototube, ityhubhu yekhamera, ityhubhu ye-photomultiplier
Ezinye izivamvo zemibala (Si, α-Si imathiriyeli)
Isivamvo somfanekiso oqinileyo (izinto zeSi, uhlobo lweCCD, uhlobo lweMOS, uhlobo lweCPD
Indawo yokufumanisa indawo (PSD) (Si imathiriyeli)
Photocell (Photodiode) (Si yemathiriyeli)
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-18-2023