Inxalenye YENYE
1, ukufunyanwa kwenziwa ngendlela ethile ebonakalayo, ukwahlula inani leeparameter ezilinganisiweyo zezoluhlu oluthile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iiparameter ezilinganisiweyo ziyafaneleka na okanye ukuba inani leeparameter likhona. Inkqubo yokuthelekisa ubungakanani obungaziwayo obulinganiswe nobungakanani obuqhelekileyo bohlobo olufanayo, ukumisela ubuninzi bobuninzi obuqhelekileyo obulinganiswe liqela elilinganisiweyo, kunye nokubonisa obu buninzi ngokwamanani.
Kwicandelo lokuzenzekelayo kunye nokufumanisa, umsebenzi wokufumanisa awukokuhlola nokulinganisa iimveliso ezigqityiweyo okanye iimveliso ezigqityiweyo kuphela, kodwa kukwakho nokuhlola, ukujonga nokulawula inkqubo yemveliso okanye into ehambayo ukuze ibe kwimeko engcono ekhethwe ngabantu, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa nokulinganisa ubungakanani kunye notshintsho lweeparameter ezahlukeneyo nangaliphi na ixesha. Le teknoloji yokufumanisa ngexesha langempela kunye nokulinganisa inkqubo yemveliso kunye nezinto ezihambayo ikwabizwa ngokuba yiteknoloji yokuhlola ubunjineli.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokulinganisa: ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokulinganisa ngokungathanga ngqo
Ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kukulinganisa ixabiso elilinganisiweyo lokufundwa kwemitha ngaphandle kokubala, okufana: nokusebenzisa i-thermometer ukulinganisa ubushushu, ukusebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa i-voltage
Ukulinganisa ngokungangqalanga kukulinganisa ubungakanani obuthile obuhambelana nokulinganiswa, kunye nokubala ixabiso elilinganisiweyo ngokusebenzisa ubudlelwane obusebenzayo. Umzekelo, amandla u-P anxulumene ne-voltage u-V kunye nomsinga u-I, oko kukuthi, u-P=VI, kwaye amandla abalwa ngokulinganisa i-voltage kunye nomsinga.
Ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kulula kwaye kulula, kwaye kudla ngokusetyenziswa xa kusenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko apho ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo kungenzeki, ukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo akunangxaki okanye impazamo enkulu yokulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo, ukulinganisa okungathanga ngqo kunokusetyenziswa.
Ingcamango ye-sensor ye-photoelectric kunye ne-sensor
Umsebenzi we-sensor kukuguqula ubungakanani obungengobombane bube yimveliso yobungakanani bombane apho kukho ubudlelwane obuchanekileyo obuhambelanayo, obuyi-interface phakathi kwenkqubo yobungakanani obungengobombane kunye nenkqubo yobungakanani bombane. Kwinkqubo yokufumanisa nokulawula, i-sensor sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuguqula. Ngokwembono yamandla, i-sensor inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini: enye yi-sensor yokulawula amandla, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-active sensor; enye yi-energy conversion sensor, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-passive sensor. I-sensor yokulawula amandla ibhekisa kwi-sensor eya kulinganiswa ibe kukuguqulwa kweeparameter zombane (ezifana nokuchasana, amandla) utshintsho, i-sensor kufuneka yongeze umbane onomdla, iiparameter zingalinganiswa zibe yi-voltage, utshintsho lwangoku. I-energy conversion sensor inokuguqula ngokuthe ngqo utshintsho olulinganisiweyo lube kutshintsho lwe-voltage kunye nolwangoku, ngaphandle komthombo wangaphandle wokuvuselela.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubungakanani obungengombane obuza kulinganiswa abungohlobo lobungakanani obungengombane obunokuguqulwa yi-sensor, nto leyo efuna ukongeza isixhobo okanye isixhobo phambi kwe-sensor esinokuguqula ubungakanani obungengombane obulinganiswe bube bubungakanani obungengombane obunokufumaneka yi-sensor kwaye buguqulwe. Icandelo okanye isixhobo esinokuguqula umbane ongengombane olinganisiweyo ube ngumbane okhoyo sisi-sensor. Umzekelo, xa ulinganisa i-voltage nge-resistance strain gauge, kuyimfuneko ukuncamathisela i-strain gauge kwi-elastic element yoxinzelelo lokuthengisa, i-elastic element iguqula uxinzelelo lube ngumandla oxinzelelo, kwaye i-strain gauge iguqula amandla oxinzelelo abe lutshintsho kukumelana. Apha i-strain gauge sisi-sensor, kwaye i-elastic element sisi-sensor. Zombini isi-sensor kunye nesi-sensor zinokuguqula umbane ongengombane olinganisiweyo nangaliphi na ixesha, kodwa isi-sensor siguqula umbane ongengombane olinganisiweyo ube bumbane ongengombane okhoyo, kwaye isi-sensor siguqula umbane ongengombane olinganisiweyo ube ngumbane.
2, isenzi sefotoelectricisekelwe kwisiphumo se-photoelectric, isignali yokukhanya ibe yi-sensor yesignali yombane, esetyenziswa kakhulu kulawulo oluzenzekelayo, kwi-aerospace nakwirediyo nakwithelevishini nakwezinye iindawo.
Iisensa ze-Photoelectric ziquka ikakhulu ii-photodiodes, ii-phototransistors, ii-photoresistor ii-CD, ii-photocouplers, iisensa ze-photoelectric ezizuzwe njengelifa, ii-photocells kunye neesensa zemifanekiso. Itheyibhile yeentlobo eziphambili iboniswe kumfanekiso ongezantsi. Kwindlela yokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha isensa efanelekileyo ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esifunekayo. Umgaqo wokukhetha ngokubanzi ngulo:ukufunyanwa kwe-photoelectric ngesantya esiphezuluisekethe, uluhlu olubanzi lwemitha yokukhanyisa, i-ultra-high-speed laser sensor kufuneka ikhethe i-photodiode; I-pulse photoelectric sensor elula ye-pulse yamawaka aliqela e-Hertz kunye ne-low-speed pulse photoelectric switch kwisekethe elula kufuneka ikhethe i-phototransistor; Nangona isantya sempendulo sicotha, i-resistance bridge sensor esebenza kakuhle kunye ne-photoelectric sensor enepropathi yokumelana, i-photoelectric sensor kwisekethe yokukhanyisa ezenzekelayo yesibane sesitalato, kunye ne-variable resistance etshintsha ngokulinganayo namandla okukhanya kufuneka ikhethe ii-Cds kunye nee-Pbs photosensitive elements; ii-Rotary encoders, ii-speed sensors kunye nee-ultra-high speed laser sensors kufuneka zibe zii-photoelectric sensors ezidityanisiweyo.
Uhlobo lwesenzi sefotoelectric Umzekelo wesenzi sefotoelectric
Indawo yokuhlangana ye-PNI-PN Photodiode(Si, Ge, GaAs)
I-PIN Photodiode (izinto zeSi)
I-photodiode ye-Avalanche(Si, Ge)
I-Phototransistor (ityhubhu yePhotoDarlington) (izinto zeSi)
I-sensor ye-photoelectric edibeneyo kunye ne-photoelectric thyristor (izinto ze-Si)
I-photocell ye-non-pn junction (izinto ezisebenzisa i-CdS, i-CdSe, i-Se, i-PbS)
Izixhobo ze-thermoelectric (izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo (PZT, LiTaO3, PbTiO3)
ityhubhu yefoto yohlobo lwetyhubhu ye-electron, ityhubhu yekhamera, ityhubhu yefotomultiplier
Ezinye izinzwa ezibuthathaka kwimibala (izinto zeSi, i-α-Si)
Inzwa yomfanekiso oqinileyo (izinto zeSi, uhlobo lweCCD, uhlobo lweMOS, uhlobo lweCPD
Into yokuchonga indawo (i-PSD) (izinto ze-Si)
I-Photocell (i-Photodiode) (i-Si yezinto ezisetyenziswayo)
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-18-2023