Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-Hardware spectrometer

Ukufunyanwa komqondiso obonakalayoi-spectrometer ye-hardware
A i-spectrometersisixhobo sokukhanya esahlula ukukhanya kwe-polychromatic kwi-spectrum. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-spectrometers, ngaphezu kwee-spectrometers ezisetyenziswe kwibhendi yokukhanya ebonakalayo, kukho i-infrared spectrometers kunye ne-ultraviolet spectrometers. Ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokusasazeka, inokwahlulwa ibe yiprism spectrometer, igrating spectrometer kunye ne-interference spectrometer. Ngokwendlela yokubhaqa, kukho iispectroscopes zokujongwa ngokuthe ngqo kwamehlo, iispectroscopes zokurekhoda ngeefilimu zefotosensitive, kunye ne-spectrophotometers zokubona i-spectra ene-photoelectric okanye i-thermoelectric elements. I-monochromator sisixhobo sokubonwayo esikhupha kuphela umgca omnye wechromatographic ngokusikwa, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kunye nezinye izixhobo zohlalutyo.
I-spectrometer eqhelekileyo iquka iqonga le-optical kunye nenkqubo yokufumanisa. Ibandakanya ezi ndawo zilandelayo:
1. I-slit yesiganeko: indawo yento yenkqubo yokucinga ye-spectrometer eyenziwe phantsi kwe-irradiation yokukhanya kwesiganeko.
2. Into yokudibanisa: ukukhanya okukhutshwe yi-slit kuba kukukhanya okuhambelanayo. I-collimating element ingaba yi-lens ezimeleyo, isibuko, okanye idibaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-dispersing element, njenge-concave grating kwi-spectrometer ye-concave grating.
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4. Into ekugxilwe kuyo: Gxininisa kwi-beam echithakeleyo ukuze yenze uthotho lwemifanekiso yesiganeko kwi-focal plane, apho indawo yomfanekiso ngamnye ihambelana ne-wavelength ethile.
5. Uluhlu lwesitshici: sibekwe kwinqwelo-moya egxininisekileyo ukuze kumetwe ubushushu bokukhanya kwendawo nganye yomfanekiso wobude bobude. Uluhlu lwesixhobo sokubona ukukhanya lunokuba luluhlu lweCCD okanye ezinye iindidi zesibonisi sokukhanya.
Ezona spectrometers zixhaphakileyo kwiilabhoratri ezinkulu zizakhiwo ze-CT, kwaye olu didi lwee-spectrometers lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-monochromators, ezohlulwa ikakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini:
I-1, i-symmetrical off-axis scanning CT structure, esi sakhiwo yindlela yangaphakathi ye-optical yangaphakathi i-symmetrical ngokupheleleyo, ivili le-grating tower line-axis enye kuphela ephakathi. Ngenxa ye-symmetry epheleleyo, kuya kubakho i-diffraction yesibini, ekhokelela ekukhanyeni okunamandla ngakumbi, kwaye ngenxa yokuba i-off-axis scan, ukuchaneka kuya kuncitshiswa.
I-2, i-asymmetric axial scanning CT structure, oko kukuthi, indlela yangaphakathi ye-optical ayilingani ngokupheleleyo, ivili le-grating tower line-axes ezimbini eziphambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukujikeleza kwe-grating kuskeniwe kwi-axis, kuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya okulahlekileyo, ukuphucula ukuchaneka. Uyilo lwe-asymmetric in-axis scanning structure ye-CT ijikeleza kumanqaku amathathu aphambili: ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso, ukuphelisa ukukhanya okwesibini, kunye nokwandisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
Iinxalenye zayo eziphambili zezi: A. isiganekoumthombo wokukhanyaB. Ikroba lokungena C. isipili esingquzulanayo D. ukugraya E. isipili esijolisa F. Phuma (sikrolwe)G.ifotodetector
ISpectroscope (Spectroscope) sisixhobo sobunzululwazi esaphula ukukhanya okuntsonkothileyo kube yimigca yespectral, equka iiprism okanye i-diffraction gratings, njl. Ukukhanya kwemibala esixhenxe elangeni yinxalenye yeso lenyama kunokwahlulwa (ukukhanya okubonakalayo), kodwa ukuba i-spectrometer iya kubola ilanga, ngokuhambelana nokuhlelwa kwe-wavelength, ukukhanya okubonakalayo kubala kuphela uluhlu oluncinci lwe-spectrum, abanye iliso leze alikwazi ukwahlula i-spectrum, njenge-infrared, i-microwave, i-ultraviolet, i-X-ray njalo njalo. Ngokuthinjwa kolwazi olukhanyayo nge-spectrometer, uphuhliso lweepleyiti zeefoto, okanye umboniso ozenzekelayo wekhompyutha wezixhobo zamanani ezibonisa kunye nohlalutyo, ukuze kubonwe ukuba zeziphi izinto eziqulethwe kwinqaku. Le teknoloji isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuboneni ukungcoliseka komoya, ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukucoceka kokutya, imboni yesinyithi kunye nokunye.