Ububanzi obumxinwa beLaser Technology Icandelo leSibini

Ububanzi obumxinwa beLaser Technology Icandelo leSibini

(3)I-laser yelizwe eliqinileyo

Ngo-1960, i-laser yokuqala yehlabathi yerubhi yayiyilaser yelizwe elomeleleyo, ephawulwa ngamandla aphumayo aphezulu kunye nokugubungela amaza abanzi. Ubume obukhethekileyo besithuba se-laser ye-slid-state yenza ukuba ibe bhetyebhetye ngakumbi kuyilo lwemveliso yobubanzi obumxinwa. Okwangoku, iindlela eziphambili eziphunyeziweyo zibandakanya indlela yomgodi omfutshane, indlela yendlela enye ye-ring cavity, indlela ye-intracavity standard, i-torsion pendulum mode cavity method, i-volume Bragg grating method kunye nendlela yokutofa kwembewu.

Umzobo wesi-7 ubonisa ubume bemodedi yobude be-laser abaliqela.

Umzobo we-7 (a) ubonisa umgaqo osebenzayo wokukhetha imowudi eyodwa yobude obusekwe kumgangatho we-FP we-in-cavity, oko kukuthi, i-spectrum yokuhambisa i-linewidth emxinwa yomgangatho isetyenziselwa ukunyusa ilahleko yezinye iindlela ze-longitudinal, ukwenzela ukuba ezinye iindlela ze-longitudinal. zihluzwe kwinkqubo yokhuphiswano lwemo ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwazo okuncinci, ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza kwemowudi enye yobude. Ukongeza, uluhlu oluthile lwemveliso yokuguqula i-wavelength inokufumaneka ngokulawula i-Angle kunye nobushushu bomgangatho we-FP kunye nokutshintsha i-longitudinal mode interval. IKHIWANE. I-7 (b) kunye (c) ibonisa i-oscillator ye-ring non-planar (i-NPRO) kunye ne-torsional pendulum mode ye-cavity yendlela esetyenziselwa ukufumana i-mode eyodwa ye-longitudinal mode output. Umgaqo osebenzayo kukwenza umqadi usasazeke kwicala elinye kwiresonator, ukuphelisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazwa kwendawo engalinganiyo yenani lamasuntswana abuyiselwe umva kumngxunya oqhelekileyo wokuma wamaza, kwaye ngaloo ndlela uthintele impembelelo yesiphumo sokutshisa umngxuma womhlaba ukuphumeza imveliso enye yendlela yobude. Umgaqo we-bulk Bragg grating (VBG) ukhetho lwemowudi lufana nolo lwe-semiconductor kunye ne-fiber emxinwa yomgca-width lasers ekhankanywe ngaphambili, oko kukuthi, ngokusebenzisa i-VBG njengento yokucoca, ngokusekelwe ekukhethweni kwayo okuhle kwe-spectral kunye ne-Angle selectivity, i-oscillator. i-oscillates kwi-wavelength ethile okanye ibhendi ukufezekisa indima yokukhetha imodi ye-longitudinal, njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 7 (d).
Kwangaxeshanye, iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha iimowudi zexesha elide zinokudityaniswa ngokweemfuno zokuphucula ukuchaneka kokhetho lwemowudi yobude, ukucutha ngakumbi umgca womgca, okanye ukonyusa ubungakanani bokhuphiswano lwemowudi ngokuzisa uguquko lwamaza ombane angewona mgca kunye nezinye iindlela, kunye nokwandisa ubude bobude bemveliso. i-laser ngelixa isebenza kububanzi obumxinwa, okunzima ukuyenzasemiconductor laserkwayei-fiber lasers.

(4) I-Brillouin laser

I-laser ye-Brillouin isekwe kwisiphumo esivuselelweyo seBrillouin (SBS) ukufumana ingxolo ephantsi, itekhnoloji yokuphuma emxinwa yobubanzi bomgca, umgaqo wayo usebenzisa ifoton kunye nonxibelelwano lwangaphakathi lwe-acoustic field ukuvelisa utshintsho oluthile lwefrequency ye-Stokes photons, kwaye iqhubeka ikhula ngaphakathi ukufumana i-bandwidth.

Umzobo we-8 ubonisa umzobo wezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-SBS kunye nesakhiwo esisisiseko se-laser Brillouin.

Ngenxa yesantya esisezantsi sokungcangcazela kwebala le-acoustic, iBrillouin frequency shift of the material idla ngokuba yi-0.1-2 cm-1 kuphela, ke nge-1064 nm laser njengokukhanya kwempompo, iStokes wavelength eveliswayo ihlala imalunga ne-1064.01 nm kuphela, kodwa oku kukwathetha ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwe-quantum kuphezulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99.99% kwithiyori). Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba iBrillouin ifumana ububanzi bomgca ophakathi iqhelekile kuphela kumyalelo we-MHZ-ghz (iBrillouin ifumana umgca wobubanzi bemithombo yeendaba eqinileyo imalunga ne-10 MHz kuphela), ingaphantsi kakhulu kububanzi bokufumana umgca wesixhobo esisebenzayo selaser. yomyalelo we-100 GHz, ngoko, i-Stokes yimincili kwi-laser Brillouin ingabonisa i-spectrum ebonakalayo yokunciphisa i-spectrum emva kokwandiswa okuninzi kwi-cavity, kunye nobubanzi bomgca wemveliso yimiyalelo emininzi yobukhulu obuncinane kunobubanzi bomgca wempompo. Okwangoku, i-laser ye-Brillouin iye yayindawo yophando kwibala leefotonics, kwaye kukho iingxelo ezininzi kwi-Hz kunye ne-sub-Hz yomyalelo wemveliso emxinwa kakhulu yomgca womgca.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izixhobo zeBrillouin ezinesakhiwo se-waveguide ziye zavela kwintsimi yeIifotoni ze-microwave, kwaye ziphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza kwicala le-miniaturization, ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kunye nesisombululo esiphezulu. Ukongeza, i-laser ye-Brillouin eqhuba isithuba esekwe kwizinto ezintsha zekristale ezifana nedayimani nayo ingene kumbono wabantu kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, impumelelo yayo entsha kumandla esakhiwo se-waveguide kunye ne-cascade SBS bottleneck, amandla eBrillouin laser. ukuya kwi-10 W ubukhulu, ibeka isiseko sokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo.
Ukudibana ngokubanzi
Ngophononongo oluqhubekayo lolwazi olusikwayo, i-laser yobubanzi obumxinwa ibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko kuphando lwezenzululwazi ngokusebenza kwabo okugqwesileyo, okufana ne-laser interferometer LIGO yokubhaqwa kwamaza omxhuzulane, osebenzisa umgca omxinwa omnye.laserkunye nobude be-1064 nm njengomthombo wembewu, kunye nobubanzi bokukhanya kwembewu bungaphakathi kwe-5 kHz. Ukongeza, iilaser ezinobubanzi obumxinwa ezinobunzima bokulinganisa ubude kwaye akukho ndlela yokutsiba ikwabonisa amandla amakhulu osetyenziso, ngakumbi kunxibelelwano oluhambelanayo, olunokuthi luhlangabezane ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno ze-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) okanye i-frequency division multiplexing (FDM) yobude bobude (okanye ukuphindaphinda). ) ukuhanjiswa, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ibe sisixhobo esingundoqo kwisizukulwana esilandelayo sobuchwephesha bonxibelelwano oluphathwayo.
Kwixesha elizayo, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zelaser kunye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kuya kukhuthaza ngakumbi ukunyanzeliswa kwelaser linewidth, ukuphuculwa kozinzo lwamaza, ukwandiswa koluhlu lwamaza kunye nokuphuculwa kwamandla, ukuvula indlela yokuhlola abantu kwihlabathi elingaziwayo.