I-Lithium tantalate (LTOI) imodyuli yesantya esiphezulu se-electro-optic

I-Lithium tantalate (LTOI) isantya esiphezuluimodyuli ye-electro-optic

I-Global data traffic iyaqhubeka ikhula, iqhutywa kukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kobuchwepheshe obutsha obufana ne-5G kunye ne-intelligence yokufakelwa (AI), ebeka imingeni ebalulekileyo kwii-transceivers kuwo onke amanqanaba onxibelelwano lwe-optical network. Ngokukodwa, iteknoloji ye-electro-optic modulator yesizukulwana esilandelayo idinga ukunyuka okukhulu kumazinga okudlulisa idatha kwi-200 Gbps kwitshaneli enye ngelixa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, itekhnoloji ye-silicon photonics isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimakethi ye-optical transceiver, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba i-silicon photonics inokuveliswa ngobuninzi kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-CMOS evuthiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimodyuli ze-SOI ze-electro-optic ezixhomekeke ekusasazekeni komthwali zijongana nemingeni enkulu kwi-bandwidth, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukufunxwa komthwali wasimahla kunye nokungahambelani kwemodyuli. Ezinye iindlela zobuchwepheshe kushishino ziquka i-InP, ifilimu encinci ye-lithium niobate LNOI, iipolymers ze-electro-optical, kunye nezinye izisombululo zokudityaniswa kwe-multi-platform heterogeneous integration. I-LNOI ithathwa njengesisombululo esinokufikelela kwintsebenzo engcono kakhulu kwisantya esiphezulu kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla aphantsi, nangona kunjalo, okwangoku inemingeni ethile ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa ubuninzi kunye neendleko. Kutshanje, iqela lisungule ifilim encinci ye-lithium tantalate (LTOI) iqonga elihlanganisiweyo lefotonic elineempawu ezibalaseleyo zefoto kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso enkulu, ekulindeleke ukuba ihambelane okanye igqithise ukusebenza kwe-lithium niobate kunye ne-silicon optical platforms kwizicelo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, kude kube ngoku, isixhobo esisisiseko seunxibelelwano lwamehlo, i-ultra-high speed imodyuli ye-electro-optic, ayizange iqinisekiswe kwi-LTOI.

Kulo cwaningo, abaphandi baqala ukuyila i-LTOI ye-electro-optic modulator, isakhiwo esiboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ngokuqulunqwa kwesakhiwo soluhlu ngalunye lwe-lithium tantalate kwi-insulator kunye neeparitha ze-electrode ye-microwave, ukusabalalisa. isantya esihambelana ne-microwave kunye namaza okukhanya kwiimodyuli ye-electro-opticalyenzeka. Ngokubhekiselele ekunciphiseni ilahleko ye-electrode ye-microwave, abaphandi kulo msebenzi okokuqala bacebise ukusetyenziswa kwesilivere njengento ye-electrode ene-conductivity engcono, kwaye i-electrode yesilivere yaboniswa ukunciphisa ilahleko ye-microwave ukuya kuma-82% xa kuthelekiswa i-electrode yegolide esetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

IKHIWANE. Isakhiwo semodyuli ye-LTOI ye-electro-optic, uyilo oluhambelana nesigaba, uvavanyo lokulahleka kwe-electrode ye-microwave.

IKHIWANE. I-2 ibonisa izixhobo zovavanyo kunye neziphumo ze-LTOI electro-optic modulator yeubunzulu buguqulweukufumanisa ngokuthe ngqo (IMDD) kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano optical. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba i-LTOI ye-electro-optic modulator inokudlulisa iimpawu ze-PAM8 ngesantya somqondiso we-176 GBd kunye ne-BER elinganisiweyo ye-3.8 × 10⁻² ngaphantsi kwe-25% ye-SD-FEC. Kuzo zombini i-200 GBd PAM4 kunye ne-208 GBd PAM2, i-BER yayiphantsi kakhulu kunomda we-15% SD-FEC kunye ne-7% HD-FEC. Iliso kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lwe-histogram kuMzobo 3 ubonisa ngokubonakalayo ukuba i-LTOI ye-electro-optic modulator ingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo olunomgca ophezulu kunye nezinga lempazamo elincinci.

IKHIWANE. 2 Linge usebenzisa i-LTOI imodyuli ye-electro-optic yeUbunzulu bumodareyithiweUkufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo (IMDD) kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano lwe-optical (a) isixhobo sokulinga; (b) Umlinganiselo wempazamo yebit elinganiselweyo (BER) ye-PAM8(bomvu), iPAM4(eluhlaza) kunye nePAM2(ebhlowu) imiqondiso njengomsebenzi wesantya sophawu; (c) Isantya solwazi olukhutshiweyo olusetyenzisiweyo (i-AIR, umgca odayiweyo) kunye nereyithi yedatha ehambelanayo (i-NDR, umgca oqinileyo) ukulinganisa amaxabiso e-bit-error rate ngaphantsi kwe-25% ye-SD-FEC umda; (d) Iimephu zamehlo kunye ne-histograms yamanani phantsi kwe-PAM2, PAM4, PAM8 modulation.

Lo msebenzi ubonisa imodyuli ye-LTOI ye-electro-optic yokuqala enesantya esiphezulu ene-3 dB bandwidth ye-110 GHz. Kwi-intensite modulation yokufumanisa ngokuthe ngqo iimfuniselo zothumelo lwe-IMDD, isixhobo sifezekisa ireyithi yedatha yenethiwekhi enye ye-405 Gbit / s, efaniswa nokusebenza kakuhle kwamaqonga e-electro-optical akhoyo afana ne-LNOI kunye ne-plasma modulators. Kwixesha elizayo, usebenzisa nzima ngakumbiImodyuli ye-IQuyilo okanye ubuchule obuphezulu bokulungisa impazamo yomqondiso, okanye ukusebenzisa i-substrates yelahleko ye-microwave ephantsi efana ne-quartz substrates, izixhobo ze-lithium tantalate zilindeleke ukuba zifikelele kumazinga onxibelelwano we-2 Tbit / s okanye ngaphezulu. Idityaniswe nezinto eziluncedo ezithile ze-LTOI, ezinje nge-birefringence esezantsi kunye nesiphumo sobungakanani ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kwezinye iimarike zokucoca iRF, itekhnoloji ye-lithium tantalate photonics iya kubonelela ngexabiso eliphantsi, amandla aphantsi kunye nezisombululo zesantya esiphezulu kwisizukulwana esilandelayo. -uthungelwano lonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo kunye neenkqubo zeefotonic ze-microwave.