Intshayelelo, uhlobo lokubala lwefotoniumgca we-avalanche photodetector
Itekhnoloji yokubala ifoton inokukhulisa ngokupheleleyo umqondiso wefoton ukuze yoyise ingxolo yokufunda yezixhobo zombane, kwaye irekhode inani leefotoni ezikhutshwa ngumtshina ngexesha elithile ngokusebenzisa iimpawu zendalo ezidityanisiweyo zesixhobo sombane sokukhupha umbane phantsi kokukhanya okubuthathaka. , kwaye ubale ulwazi lwethagethi elinganisiweyo ngokwexabiso lemitha yephoton. Ukuze kuqatshelwe ukubhaqwa kokukhanya okubuthathaka ngokugqithisileyo, iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo ezinobuchule bokubona ifoton ziye zaphononongwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Ifotodiode yelizwe eliluqilima (Isixhobo sokufota seAPD) sisixhobo esisebenzisa isiphumo sombane sangaphakathi ukubona iimpawu zokukhanya. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ze-vacuum, izixhobo ze-slid-state zineenzuzo ezicacileyo kwisantya sokuphendula, ukubala okumnyama, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, umthamo kunye novakalelo lwemagnethi, njl.
Isixhobo se-photodetector se-APDine-Geiger mode (GM) kunye nemowudi yomgca (LM) iindlela ezimbini zokusebenza, i-APD yangoku ye-photon yokubala iteknoloji ye-imaging isebenzisa i-Geiger mode ye-APD isixhobo. Izixhobo ze-APD ze-Geiger zinovakalelo oluphezulu kwinqanaba le-photon enye kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokuphendula samashumi e-nanoseconds ukufumana ukuchaneka kwexesha eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-Geiger mode ye-APD ineengxaki ezithile ezifana nexesha lokufa komtshina, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi, i-crossword enkulu ye-optical kunye nesisombululo esisezantsi sendawo, ngoko ke kunzima ukunyusa ukuphikisana phakathi kwezinga eliphezulu lokubona kunye ne-alamu ephantsi yobuxoki. Izixhobo zokubala ze-Photon ezisekelwe kwi-HgCdTe APD ekufutshane-inzuzo ephezulu ye-HgCdTe izixhobo zisebenza kwimowudi yomgca, azinaxesha elifileyo kunye nezithintelo ze-crosstalk, azinayo i-post-pulse ehambelana ne-Geiger mode, ayifuni iisekethe zokucima, inoluhlu lwe-ultra-high dynamic, ububanzi. kunye noluhlu lokuphendula olubonwayo, kwaye lunokwandiswa ngokuzimeleyo ukuze kubonwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nesantya sokubala sobuxoki. Ivula intsimi entsha yesicelo se-infrared photon counting imaging, isalathiso esibalulekileyo sophuhliso lwezixhobo zokubala zefotoni, kwaye inethuba elibanzi lesicelo kwi-astronomical observation, unxibelelwano lwendawo yamahhala, i-imaging esebenzayo kunye ne-passive, ukulandelela i-fringe njalo njalo.
Umgaqo wokubala kwefoton kwizixhobo ze-APD zeHgCdTe
Izixhobo ze-APD ze-photodetector ezisekelwe kwizinto ze-HgCdTe zinokugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwamaza, kwaye i-ionization coefficients ye-electron kunye nemingxuma ihluke kakhulu (jonga uMzobo 1 (a)). Babonisa indlela yophinda-phindo yenkampani enye ngaphakathi kobude obusikiweyo obuyi-1.3~11 µm. Phantse akukho ngxolo igqithisileyo (xa kuthelekiswa nengxolo egqithisileyo ye-FSi ~ 2-3 yezixhobo ze-Si APD kunye neFIII-V ~ 4-5 yezixhobo zosapho ze-III-V (bona uMfanekiso 1 (b)), ukuze umqondiso- umlinganiselo wokuya kwingxolo wezixhobo phantse awehli ngokunyuka kwenzuzo, eyona infrared efanelekileyoi-avalanche photodetector.
IKHIWANE. 1 (a) Ubudlelwane phakathi komlinganiselo we-ionization yempembelelo yemathiriyeli ye-mercury cadmium telluride kunye necandelo x le-Cd; (b) Uthelekiso lwengxolo engaphezulu ye-F yezixhobo ze-APD ezineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zezinto
Itekhnoloji yokubala ifoton yitekhnoloji entsha enokuthi ikhuphe ngedijithali imiqondiso ye-optical kwingxolo ye-thermal ngokusombulula i-photoelectron pulses eyenziwa yi-ifotodetectoremva kokufumana ifoton enye. Ekubeni umqondiso wokukhanya okuphantsi usasazeke ngakumbi kwi-domain yexesha, ukuphuma kwesignali yombane yi-detector nayo yendalo kwaye icacile. Ngokwale mpawu yokukhanya okubuthathaka, ukukhulisa i-pulse, ucalucalulo lwe-pulse kunye neendlela zokubala zedijithali zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubona ukukhanya okubuthathaka kakhulu. Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje yokubala ifoton ineengenelo ezininzi, ezinje ngophawu oluphezulu ukuya kwingxolo, ucalucalulo oluphezulu, ukuchaneka komlinganiso ophezulu, ukuchasana nokukhukuliseka okuhle, ukuzinza kwexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye inokuvelisa idatha kwikhompyuter ngohlobo lophawu lwedijithali kuhlalutyo olulandelayo. kunye nokucubungula, okungahambelaniyo nezinye iindlela zokubona. Okwangoku, inkqubo yokubala i-photon isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwintsimi yokulinganisa i-industrial kunye nokufumanisa ukukhanya okuphantsi, okufana ne-nonlinear optics, i-biology ye-molecular, i-spectroscopy ye-ultra-high resolution, i-photometry ye-astronomical, i-atmospheric pollution measurement, njl. ekufumaneni nasekubhaqweni kweempawu zokukhanya ezibuthathaka. I-mercury cadmium telluride avalanche photodetector phantse ayinayo ingxolo egqithisileyo, njengoko ingeniso isanda, umlinganiselo wesignali ukuya kwingxolo awuboli, kwaye akukho xesha lifileyo kunye nokuthintelwa kwe-post-pulse ezinxulumene nezixhobo ze-avalanche ze-Geiger, ezifanelekileyo kakhulu. usetyenziso ekubaleni kweefotoni, kwaye lukhokelo olubalulekileyo lophuhliso lwezixhobo zokubala zeefoton kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-14-2025