Yazisa i-silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder modulator MZM modulator

Yazisa i-silicon photonic Mach-Zehnder modulatorImodulator ye-MZM

I-modulator yeMach-Zehnder yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwisiphelo sothumelo kwiimodyuli ze-400G/800G ze-silicon photonic. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zee-modulator kwisiphelo sothumelo kwiimodyuli ze-silicon photonic ezenziwe ngobuninzi: Uhlobo olunye yi-modulator ye-PAM4 esekwe kwimodi yokusebenza ye-100Gbps yesiteshi esinye, efikelela kuthumelo lwedatha lwe-800Gbps ngendlela ehambelanayo ye-4-channel / 8-channel kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zedatha kunye ne-Gpus. Kakade ke, i-modulator ye-silicon photonics yesiteshi esinye ye-200Gbps yeMach-Zender eya kukhuphisana ne-EML emva kokuveliswa ngobuninzi kwi-100Gbps akufuneki ibe kude. Uhlobo lwesibini yiUmlungisi we-IQIsetyenziswa kunxibelelwano oluhambelanayo lwe-optical olukude. Ukutshona okuhambelanayo okukhankanyiweyo kweli nqanaba kubhekisa kumgama wokudluliselwa kweemodyuli ze-optical ukusuka kumawaka eekhilomitha kwinethiwekhi yomqolo wedolophu ukuya kwiimodyuli ze-optical ze-ZR ezisusela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-80 ukuya kwezingama-120, kwanakwiimodyuli ze-LR ezisusela kwiikhilomitha ezili-10 kwixesha elizayo.

Umgaqo wesantya esiphezuluiimodulators zesiliconinokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: i-optics kunye nombane.

Inxalenye ye-Optical: Umgaqo osisiseko yi-interferometer ye-Mach-Zehnder. Umqadi wokukhanya udlula kwi-splitter ye-50-50 beam kwaye ube yimiqadi emibini yokukhanya enamandla alinganayo, aqhubeka nokudluliselwa kwiingalo ezimbini ze-modulator. Ngokulawula isigaba kwenye yeengalo (oko kukuthi, i-refractive index ye-silicon itshintshwa yi-heater ukutshintsha isantya sokusasazeka kwengalo enye), indibaniselwano yokugqibela yomqadi yenziwa ekuphumeni kweengalo zombini. Ubude besigaba sokuphazamiseka (apho iincopho zeengalo zombini zifikelela ngaxeshanye) kunye nokurhoxiswa kokuphazamiseka (apho umahluko wesigaba ungama-90° kwaye iincopho zichasene nemigxobhozo) kunokufezekiswa ngokuphazamiseka, ngaloo ndlela kuguqulwa amandla okukhanya (okunokuqondwa njengo-1 no-0 kwiimpawu zedijithali). Oku kukuqonda okulula kwaye kuyindlela yokulawula indawo yokusebenza emsebenzini osebenzayo. Umzekelo, kunxibelelwano lwedatha, sisebenza kwindawo eyi-3dB engaphantsi kunencopho, kwaye kunxibelelwano oluhambelanayo, sisebenza kwindawo engenakukhanya. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela yokulawula umahluko wesigaba ngokufudumeza kunye nokusasaza ubushushu ukulawula isignali yokuphuma ithatha ixesha elide kakhulu kwaye ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno zethu zokudlulisa i-100Gpbs ngomzuzwana. Ke ngoko, kufuneka sifumane indlela yokufikelela kwisantya esikhawulezayo sokuguquguquka.

Icandelo lombane ikakhulu liqulathe icandelo le-PN junction elifuna ukutshintsha i-refractive index kwi-high frequency, kunye nesakhiwo se-electrode ye-wave wave ehambayo ehambelana nesantya sesignali yombane kunye nesignali ye-optical. Umgaqo wokutshintsha i-refractive index yi-plasma dispersion effect, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-free carrier dispersion effect. Ibhekisa kwisiphumo somzimba sokuba xa uxinzelelo lwee-free carriers kwi-semiconductor material lutshintsha, iindawo zokwenyani neze-imaginative ze-refractive index yesixhobo nazo zitshintsha ngokufanelekileyo. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-carrier kwi-semiconductor materials lukhula, i-absorption coefficient yesixhobo iyanda ngelixa inxalenye yokwenyani ye-refractive index iyancipha. Ngokufanayo, xa ii-carriers kwi-semiconductor materials zincipha, i-absorption coefficient yesixhobo iyancipha ngelixa inxalenye yokwenyani ye-refractive index iyanda. Ngesiphumo esinjalo, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ukuguqulwa kwezibonakaliso ze-high-frequency kunokufezekiswa ngokulawula inani lee-carriers kwi-transmission waveguide. Ekugqibeleni, izibonakaliso ze-0 kunye ne-1 zivela kwindawo yokuphuma, zilayisha izibonakaliso zombane zesantya esiphezulu kwi-amplitude yokukhanya okukhulu. Indlela yokufezekisa oku kukusebenzisa i-PN junction. Iinqwelo zasimahla zesilicon ecocekileyo zimbalwa kakhulu, kwaye utshintsho kubuninzi alwanelanga ukuhlangabezana notshintsho kwisalathisi sokukhanyela. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa isiseko sokuthwala kwisikhokelo sokuhambisa nge-doping silicon ukuze kufezekiswe utshintsho kwisalathisi sokukhanyela, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswe ukuguquguquka kwesantya esiphezulu.