Uyilo lwephotonicisekethe edibeneyo
Iisekethe ezidibeneyo zeFotonic(PIC) zisoloko ziyilwe ngoncedo lwemibhalo yezibalo ngenxa yokubaluleka kobude bendlela kwii-interferometers okanye ezinye izicelo ezinovakalelo kubude bendlela.I-PICiveliswa ngokucofa iileya ezininzi (ngokuqhelekileyo i-10 ukuya kuma-30) kwi-wafer, equlunqwe ngeemilo ezininzi zepolygonal, ezihlala zimelwe kwifomathi ye-GDSII. Ngaphambi kokuthumela ifayile kumenzi we-photomask, kunqweneleka kakhulu ukukwazi ukulinganisa i-PIC ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka koyilo. Ukulinganisa kwahlula ngamanqanaba amaninzi: inqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu liyi-three-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) simulation, apho ukulinganisa kwenziwa kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwamaza, nangona ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-athomu kwizinto eziphathekayo kusingathwa kwi-macroscopic scale. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka ezintathu-dimensional finite-difference Time-domain (3D FDTD) kunye nokwandiswa kwe-eigenmode (EME). Ezi ndlela zezona zichanekileyo, kodwa azinakwenzeka kulo lonke ixesha lokulinganisa le-PIC. Inqanaba elilandelayo li-2.5-dimensional EM simulation, njenge-finite-difference difference beam propagation (FD-BPM). Ezi ndlela zikhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa zincama ukuchaneka okuthile kwaye zikwazi ukuphatha i-paraxial propagation kwaye ayinakusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-resonators, umzekelo. Inqanaba elilandelayo ngukulinganisa kwe-2D EM, njenge-2D FDTD kunye ne-2D BPM. Ezi nazo zikhawuleza, kodwa zinomsebenzi olinganiselweyo, njengokuba zingakwazi ukulinganisa ii-rotators ze-polarization. Inqanaba elongezelelweyo kukuhanjiswa kunye/okanye ukusasaza ukulinganisa imatrix. Icandelo ngalinye eliphambili liyancitshiswa libe licandelo kunye negalelo kunye nesiphumo, kwaye i-waveguide edibeneyo iyancitshiswa ibe yinguqu yesigaba kunye ne-attenuation element. Le milinganiso ikhawuleza kakhulu. Umqondiso wokuphuma ufunyenwe ngokuphindaphinda i-matrix yokudlulisa ngophawu lokufaka. I-matrix yokusabalalisa (izinto zayo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-S-parameters) ziphindaphinda igalelo kunye nezibonakaliso zemveliso kwelinye icala ukufumana igalelo kunye nezibonakaliso zemveliso kwelinye icala lecandelo. Ngokwenene, i-matrix yokusabalalisa iqulethe umboniso ngaphakathi kwento. I-matrix yokusasazwa idla ngokuphindwe kabini ngobukhulu kunematriksi yothumelo kumyinge ngamnye. Isishwankathelo, ukusuka kwi-3D EM ukuya kwi-transmission / ukusabalalisa i-matrix ukulinganisa, uluhlu ngalunye lokulinganisa lubonisa ukurhweba phakathi kwesantya kunye nokuchaneka, kwaye abaqulunqi bakhetha inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokulinganisa kwiimfuno zabo ezithile zokuphucula inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuyila.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuthembela kukulinganisa kwe-electromagnetic yezinto ezithile kunye nokusebenzisa i-matrix yokusasaza / yokudlulisela ukulinganisa yonke iPIC akuqinisekisi uyilo oluchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo phambi kwepleyiti yokuhamba. Umzekelo, ubude bendlela obungabalwanga kakuhle, i-multimode waveguides engaphumeleliyo ukucinezela iindlela zodidi oluphezulu, okanye ii-waveguide ezimbini ezisondelelene kakhulu ezikhokelela kwiingxaki zokudibanisa ezingalindelekanga zinokungabonwa ngexesha lokulinganisa. Ke ngoko, nangona izixhobo zokulinganisa eziphambili zibonelela ngezakhono ezinamandla zokuqinisekiswa koyilo, kusafuneka inqanaba eliphezulu lokuphaphela kunye nokuhlolwa ngononophelo ngumyili, kudityaniswe namava asebenzayo kunye nolwazi lobugcisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka koyilo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko woyilo. iphepha lokuhamba.
Indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-Sparse FDTD ivumela i-3D kunye ne-2D FDTD ukulinganisa ukuba kwenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kuyilo olupheleleyo lwe-PIC ukuze kuqinisekiswe uyilo. Nangona kunzima kuso nasiphi na isixhobo sokulinganisa i-electromagnetic ukulinganisa i-PIC enkulu kakhulu, i-FDTD encinci iyakwazi ukulinganisa indawo enkulu yasekhaya. Kwi-3D yendabuko ye-FDTD, ukulinganisa kuqala ngokuqalisa amacandelo amathandathu entsimi ye-electromagnetic ngaphakathi komthamo othile owenziweyo. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, inxalenye entsha yentsimi kwivolumu ibalwa, njalo njalo. Inyathelo ngalinye lifuna ukubala okuninzi, ngoko lithatha ixesha elide. Kwi-FDTD encinci ye-3D, endaweni yokubala kwinqanaba ngalinye kwinqanaba lomthamo, uluhlu lwamacandelo entsimi lugcinwa olunokuthi luhambelane nomthamo omkhulu we-arbitrarily kwaye lubalwe kuphela kulawo macandelo. Ngexesha ngalinye inyathelo, amanqaku amelene namacandelo entsimi ayongezwa, ngelixa amacandelo entsimi angaphantsi komda wamandla athile athotywa. Kwezinye izakhiwo, olu lubalo lunokuba ziiodolo ezininzi zobukhulu ngokukhawuleza kune-3D FDTD yesintu. Nangona kunjalo, i-FDTDS encinci ayiqhubi kakuhle xa ijongene nezakhiwo ezisasazekayo ngenxa yokuba eli xesha lexesha lisasazeka kakhulu, likhokelela kuluhlu olude kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukulawula. Umzobo we-1 ubonisa umzekelo weskrini we-3D FDTD ukulinganisa okufana ne-polarization beam splitter (PBS).
Umzobo 1: Iziphumo zokulinganisa ezivela kwi-3D sparse FDTD. (A) ngumbono ophezulu wesakhiwo esifaniswayo, esiyi-coupler ekhokelela. (B) Ibonisa umfanekiso weskrini wokulinganisa usebenzisa i-quasi-TE excitation. Imizobo emibini engentla ibonisa umbono ophezulu we-quasi-TE kunye ne-quasi-TM izibonakaliso, kwaye imizobo emibini engezantsi ibonisa imbonakalo ehambelanayo yecandelo. (C) Ibonisa umfanekiso weskrini wokulinganisa usebenzisa i-quasi-TM excitation.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-23-2024