Uyilo lwei-photonicisekethe edibeneyo
Iisekethe ezidityanisiweyo zePhotonic(PIC) zihlala ziyilwa ngoncedo lwezikripthi zezibalo ngenxa yokubaluleka kobude bendlela kwii-interferometers okanye kwezinye iinkqubo ezibuthathaka kubude bendlela.I-PICyenziwe ngokupeta iileya ezininzi (ngesiqhelo ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-30) kwi-wafer, eyenziwe ziimo ezininzi ze-polygonal, ezihlala zimelwe kwifomathi ye-GDSII. Ngaphambi kokuthumela ifayile kumenzi we-photomask, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ukwazi ukulinganisa i-PIC ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka koyilo. Ukulinganisa kwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amaninzi: elona nqanaba liphantsi yi-three-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) simulation, apho ukulinganisa kwenziwa kwinqanaba le-sub-wavelength, nangona ukusebenzisana phakathi kwee-athomu kwizinto kuphathwa kwisikali se-macroscopic. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-three-dimensional finite-difference Time-domain (3D FDTD) kunye ne-eigenmode expansion (EME). Ezi ndlela zezona zichanekileyo, kodwa azinakusebenza kulo lonke ixesha lokulinganisa i-PIC. Inqanaba elilandelayo yi-2.5-dimensional EM simulation, efana ne-finite-difference beam propagation (FD-BPM). Ezi ndlela zikhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa zincama ukuchaneka okuthile kwaye zinokuphatha kuphela i-paraxial propagation kwaye azinakusetyenziswa ukulinganisa ii-resonators, umzekelo. Inqanaba elilandelayo yi-2D EM simulation, efana ne-2D FDTD kunye ne-2D BPM. Ezi nazo zikhawuleza, kodwa zinomsebenzi olinganiselweyo, njengoko zingenakukwazi ukulinganisa ii-rotators ze-polarization. Elinye inqanaba yi-transmission kunye/okanye i-scattering matrix simulation. Icandelo ngalinye eliphambili lincitshiswa libe yi-component ene-input kunye ne-output, kwaye i-waveguide edibeneyo incitshiswa ibe yi-phase shift kunye ne-attenuation element. Ezi simulations zikhawuleza kakhulu. Isignali yemveliso ifunyanwa ngokuphindaphinda i-transmission matrix nge-input signal. I-scattering matrix (ezinto zayo zibizwa ngokuba yi-S-parameters) iphindaphinda i-input kunye ne-output signals kwelinye icala ukuze ifumane i-input kunye ne-output signals kwelinye icala le-component. Ngokusisiseko, i-scattering matrix iqulethe i-reflection ngaphakathi kwe-element. I-scattering matrix idla ngokuphindwe kabini kune-transmission matrix kwi-dimension nganye. Ngamafutshane, ukusuka kwi-3D EM ukuya kwi-transmission/scattering matrix simulation, umaleko ngamnye we-simulation ubonisa urhwebo phakathi kwesantya kunye nokuchaneka, kwaye abayili bakhetha inqanaba elifanelekileyo le-simulation kwiimfuno zabo ezithile ukuze baphucule inkqubo yokuqinisekisa uyilo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuthembela ekulinganiseni i-electromagnetic yezinto ezithile kunye nokusebenzisa i-scattering/transfer matrix ukulinganisa i-PIC yonke akuqinisekisi uyilo oluchanekileyo ngokupheleleyo phambi kweplate yokuhamba. Umzekelo, ubude bendlela obungabalwanga kakuhle, ii-multimode waveguides ezingakwaziyo ukuthintela ngempumelelo iindlela eziphezulu, okanye ii-waveguides ezimbini ezisondelelene kakhulu ezikhokelela kwiingxaki zokudibanisa ezingalindelekanga kusenokwenzeka ukuba zingabonwa ngexesha lokulinganisa. Ke ngoko, nangona izixhobo zokulinganisa eziphambili zibonelela ngamandla okuqinisekisa uyilo, kusafuna izinga eliphezulu lokuqaphela kunye nokuhlolwa ngononophelo ngumyili, kudityaniswe namava asebenzayo kunye nolwazi lobuchwephesha, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka koyilo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-flow sheet.
Indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-sparse FDTD ivumela ukulinganisa kwe-3D kunye ne-2D FDTD ukuba kwenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kuyilo olupheleleyo lwe-PIC ukuqinisekisa uyilo. Nangona kunzima nakwesiphi na isixhobo sokulinganisa i-electromagnetic ukulinganisa i-PIC enkulu kakhulu, i-sparse FDTD iyakwazi ukulinganisa indawo enkulu yendawo. Kwi-3D FDTD yendabuko, ukulinganisa kuqala ngokuqalisa izinto ezintandathu zentsimi ye-electromagnetic ngaphakathi komthamo othile olinganisiweyo. Njengoko ixesha lihamba, icandelo elitsha lentsimi kwivolumu liyabalwa, njalo njalo. Inyathelo ngalinye lifuna ukubalwa okuninzi, ngoko ke kuthatha ixesha elide. Kwi-sparse 3D FDTD, endaweni yokubala kwinqanaba ngalinye kwinqanaba ngalinye levolumu, kugcinwa uluhlu lwezinto zentsimi ezinokuhambelana ngokwethiyori nomthamo omkhulu kwaye zibalwe kuphela kwezo zinto. Kwinyathelo ngalinye lexesha, amanqaku akufutshane nezinto zentsimi ayongezwa, ngelixa izinto zentsimi ezingaphantsi komda othile wamandla ziyawa. Kwezinye izakhiwo, olu balo lunokuba zii-oda ezininzi zobukhulu ngokukhawuleza kune-3D FDTD yendabuko. Nangona kunjalo, ii-FDTDS ezinqabileyo azisebenzi kakuhle xa zijongene nezakhiwo ezisasazekayo kuba ngeli xesha intsimi isasazeka kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela uluhlu olude kakhulu nolunzima ukululawula. Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa umfanekiso weskrini womzekelo we-3D FDTD simulation efana ne-polarization beam splitter (PBS).
Umfanekiso 1: Iziphumo zokulinganisa ezivela kwi-3D sparse FDTD. (A) ngumbono ophezulu wesakhiwo esilinganiswayo, esisikhonkco esibhekisa kwicala. (B) Ibonisa umfanekiso weskrini wokulinganisa kusetyenziswa i-quasi-TE excitation. Imizobo emibini engasentla ibonisa umbono ophezulu wemiqondiso ye-quasi-TE kunye ne-quasi-TM, kwaye imizobo emibini engezantsi ibonisa umbono ohambelanayo. (C) Ibonisa umfanekiso weskrini wokulinganisa kusetyenziswa i-quasi-TM excitation.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-23-2024