Kutshanje, i-US Spirit probe igqibe uvavanyo lonxibelelwano lwe-laser olusesibhakabhakeni olunezixhobo zomhlaba ezikumgama weekhilomitha ezili-16 ezigidi ukusuka apho, nto leyo ebeka irekhodi elitsha lomgama wonxibelelwano lwe-optical esibhakabhakeni. Ngoko ke zeziphi iingenelo zolu vavanyo?unxibelelwano lwelaserNgokusekelwe kwimigaqo yobugcisa kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi, zeziphi iingxaki ekufuneka ziyoyiswe? Iyintoni ingqikelelo yokusetyenziswa kwayo kwicandelo lokuhlola isithuba esinzulu kwixesha elizayo?
Impumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe, ungoyiki imingeni
Ukuhlola isithuba nzulu ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu ngexesha labaphandi besithuba abahlola indalo iphela. Iingcali zophando kufuneka zinqumle isithuba esikude phakathi kweenkwenkwezi, zoyise iindawo ezixineneyo neemeko ezinzima, zifumane kwaye zidlulise idatha exabisekileyo, kwaye itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano idlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Umzobo wesicwangcisounxibelelwano lwelaser yesithuba esinzuluuvavanyo phakathi kweprobe yesathelayithi yeSpirit kunye nendawo yokujongisisa umhlaba
Ngomhla we-13 kweyeDwarha, i-Spirit probe yaqalisa, yaqala uhambo lokuhlola oluza kuthatha ubuncinci iminyaka esibhozo. Ekuqaleni komsebenzi, yasebenzisana ne-Hale teleskopu kwi-Palomar Observatory e-United States ukuvavanya ubuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano lwe-laser yesithuba esinzulu, isebenzisa ikhowudi ye-laser ekufutshane ne-infrared ukunxibelelana ngedatha namaqela eMhlabeni. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-detector kunye nezixhobo zayo zonxibelelwano lwe-laser kufuneka zoyise ubuncinane iintlobo ezine zobunzima. Ngokulandelelana, umgama okude, ukuncitshiswa kwesignali kunye nokuphazamiseka, ukuncitshiswa kwe-bandwidth kunye nokulibaziseka, ukuncitshiswa kwamandla kunye neengxaki zokusasazwa kobushushu zifanelwe ingqalelo. Abaphandi bebelindele kwaye belungiselela ezi ngxaki ixesha elide, kwaye baphule uthotho lweetekhnoloji eziphambili, bebeka isiseko esihle se-Spirit probe sokwenza iimvavanyo zonxibelelwano lwe-laser yesithuba esinzulu.
Okokuqala, isixhobo sokubona imimoya sisebenzisa iteknoloji yokudlulisa idatha ekhawulezayo, umqadi welaser okhethiweyo njengesixhobo sokudlulisa, sixhotyiswe ngei-laser enamandla aphezuluumthumeli, esebenzisa izibonelelo zeukudluliselwa kwelaserizinga kunye nozinzo oluphezulu, bezama ukuseka amakhonkco onxibelelwano lwelaser kwindawo enzulu.
Okwesibini, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuthembeka nokuzinza konxibelelwano, i-Spirit detector isebenzisa iteknoloji esebenza kakuhle yokubhala ikhowudi, enokufikelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokudlulisela idatha ngaphakathi kwe-bandwidth elinganiselweyo ngokuphucula ikhowudi yedatha. Kwangaxeshanye, inokunciphisa izinga lempazamo ye-bit kwaye iphucule ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa kwedatha ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokulungisa iimpazamo phambili.
Okwesithathu, ngoncedo lweteknoloji yokucwangcisa nokulawula ekrelekrele, iprobe ifumanisa ukusetyenziswa ngokugqibeleleyo kwezixhobo zonxibelelwano. Le teknoloji inokuzilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo iiprotokholi zonxibelelwano kunye namazinga okudlulisela ngokweenguqu kwiimfuno zomsebenzi kunye nendawo yonxibelelwano, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo zonxibelelwano phantsi kweemeko zamandla ezincinci.
Okokugqibela, ukuze kuphuculwe amandla okwamkela isignali, i-Spirit probe isebenzisa iteknoloji yokwamkela imisebe emininzi. Le teknoloji isebenzisa ii-antenna ezininzi zokwamkela ukwenza uluhlu, olunokuphucula uvakalelo lokwamkela kunye nokuzinza kwesignali, kwaye emva koko lugcine unxibelelwano oluzinzileyo kwindawo enzulu entsonkothileyo.
Iingenelo zicacile, zifihliwe kwimfihlo
Ihlabathi langaphandle akunzima ukulifumanisa ukubailezayeyona nto iphambili kuvavanyo lonxibelelwano lwesithuba esinzulu lwe-Spirit probe, ngoko ke zeziphi iingenelo ezithile ezinazo i-laser ukunceda inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo yonxibelelwano lwesithuba esinzulu? Yintoni imfihlakalo?
Kwelinye icala, imfuno ekhulayo yedatha enkulu, imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwimisebenzi yokuhlola isithuba esinzulu iya kufuna amazinga aphezulu okudluliselwa kwedatha kunxibelelwano lwesithuba esinzulu. Xa ujongene nomgama wokudluliselwa konxibelelwano odla ngokuba "uqala" ngamashumi ezigidi zeekhilomitha, amaza erediyo "awanamandla" kancinci kancinci.
Nangona unxibelelwano lwelaser lubhala ulwazi kwiifotoni, xa kuthelekiswa namaza erediyo, amaza okukhanya akufutshane ne-infrared anobude obuncinci kunye nokuphindaphinda okuphezulu, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwakha "umgaqo" wedatha yendawo enokudluliselwa kolwazi okusebenzayo nokugudileyo. Eli nqaku liqinisekiswe kwangaphambili kwiimvavanyo zokuqala zesithuba esingaphantsi koMhlaba. Emva kokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okulungelelanisa kunye nokoyisa ukuphazamiseka komoya, izinga lokudluliselwa kwedatha kwenkqubo yonxibelelwano lwelaser lalikade liphezulu phantse ngokuphindwe kalikhulu kuneendlela zonxibelelwano zangaphambili.
Ixesha leposi: Feb-26-2024