Kutshanje, iZiko leFiziksi eSetyenzisiweyo leRussian Academy yeSayensi lazisa iZiko leeXawatt leSifundo sokuKhanya okuPhakamileyo (XCELS), inkqubo yophando yezixhobo ezinkulu zenzululwazi esekwe ngokugqithisileyo.iilaser zamandla aphezulu. Le projekthi ibandakanya ukwakhiwa kwe kakhuluamandla aphezulu laseresekelwe kwi-optical parametric chirped pulse amplification technology kwi-aperture enkulu ye-potassium dideuterium phosphate (DKDP, i-chemical formula KD2PO4) iikristale, kunye nesiphumo esilindelekileyo se-600 PW peak power pulses. Lo msebenzi ubonelela ngeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye neziphumo zophando malunga neprojekthi ye-XCELS kunye neenkqubo zayo ze-laser, ezichaza izicelo kunye neempembelelo ezinokuthi zibe khona ezinxulumene ne-ultra-strong light field interactions.
Inkqubo ye-XCELS yacetywa ngo-2011 ngenjongo yokuqala yokufumana amandla aphezululaseri-pulse output ye-200 PW, okwangoku iphuculwe kwi-600 PW. Yaloinkqubo laserixhomekeke kwiitekhnoloji ezintathu eziphambili:
(1) I-teknoloji ye-Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) isetyenziselwa endaweni yendabuko ye-Chirped Pulse Amplification (i-Chirped Pulse Amplification, i-OPCPA). CPA) iteknoloji;
(2) Ukusebenzisa i-DKDP njengendawo yokuzuza, ukuthelekiseka kwesigaba se-ultra wideband siphunyezwa kufutshane ne-910 nm ubude bobude;
(3) I-laser enkulu yeglasi ye-neodymium ene-pulse energy yamawaka e-joules isetyenziselwa ukumpompa i-parametric amplifier.
I-Ultra-wideband phase matching ifumaneka ngokubanzi kwiicrystals ezininzi kwaye isetyenziswa kwi-OPCPA femtosecond lasers. Iikristale ze-DKDP zisetyenziswa kuba zizo kuphela izinto ezifumaneka ekusebenzeni ezinokukhuliswa ukuya kumashumi eesentimitha zokuvula kwaye kwangaxeshanye zibe neempawu zamehlo ezamkelekileyo ukuxhasa ukukhulisa amandla e-multi-PW.iilaser. Kufunyaniswa ukuba xa i-crystal ye-DKDP impontshwa kukukhanya okuphindwe kabini kweglasi ye-ND yeglasi, ukuba i-wavelength ye-carrier ye-pulse amplified yi-910 nm, imimiselo emithathu yokuqala yokwandiswa kwe-Taylor ye-wave vector mismatch yi-0.
Umzobo 1 luyilo lweskim senkqubo yelaser yeXCELS. Isiphelo sangaphambili senze i-chirped femtosecond pulses ene-wavelength ephakathi ye-910 nm (1.3 kuMfanekiso 1) kunye ne-1054 nm nanosecond pulses efakwe kwi-OPCPA impompo ye-laser (1.1 kunye ne-1.2 kuMfanekiso 1). Isiphelo sangaphambili sikwaqinisekisa ungqamaniso lwezi pulses kwakunye namandla afunekayo kunye neeparamitha zespatiotemporal. I-OPCPA ephakathi esebenza kwizinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda (i-1 Hz) ikhulisa i-pulse ye-chirped ukuya kumashumi e-joules (2 kuMfanekiso 1). I-pulse iphinde yandiswe yi-Booster OPCPA ibe yi-kilojoule enye kwaye yahlulwe kwii-sub-beams ze-12 ezifanayo (4 kuMfanekiso 1). Kwi-OPCPA yokugqibela ye-12, nganye ye-12 i-chirped light pulses ikhuliswe kwinqanaba le-kilojoule (5 kwi-Figure 1) kwaye igxininiswe yi-12 compression gratings (GC ye-6 kwi-Figure 1). Isihluzi se-acousto-optic esicwangcisiweyo sokusasazwa sisetyenziswa kwisiphelo sangaphambili ukulawula ngokuthe ngqo ukusasazwa kweqela lesantya kunye nokusasazwa kolungelelwaniso oluphezulu, ukuze kufumaneke obona bubanzi buncinci bepulse bunokwenzeka. I-pulse spectrum inemilo ephantse ibe yi-12th-order supergauss, kunye ne-spectral bandwidth kwi-1% yexabiso eliphezulu yi-150 nm, ehambelana ne-Fourier transform limit limit pulse wide ye-17 fs. Ukuqwalasela imbuyekezo ye-dispersion engaphelelanga kunye nobunzima bembuyekezo yesigaba esingenasiphelo kwi-amplifiers parametric, ububanzi obulindelekileyo be-pulse yi-20 fs.
I-laser ye-XCELS iya kuqesha iimodyuli ezimbini ze-8-channel UFL-2M neodymium glass laser frequency double (3 kuMfanekiso 1), apho i-13 iziteshi ziya kusetyenziswa ukupompa i-Booster OPCPA kunye ne-12 yokugqibela ye-OPCPA. Amajelo amathathu aseleyo aya kusetyenziswa njenge-nanosecond kilojoule ezimeleyoimithombo lasereminye imifuniselo. Ukunciphisa umda we-optical breakdown crystals ye-DKDP, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-irradiation ye-pulse pumped imiselwe kwi-1.5 GW / cm2 kumjelo ngamnye kunye nobude be-3.5 ns.
Itshaneli nganye ye-laser ye-XCELS ivelisa i-pulses ngamandla e-50 PW. Itotali yamajelo e-12 ibonelela ngamandla emveliso ye-600 PW. Kwigumbi eliphambili ekujoliswe kulo, ubuninzi bokugxila kwishaneli nganye phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo ngu-0.44 × 1025 W / cm2, ucinga ukuba i-F / 1 igxininisa izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukugxila. Ukuba i-pulse yeshaneli nganye igxininiswe ngakumbi kwi-2.6 fs nge-post-compression technique, i-pulse output ehambelanayo iya kunyuswa ukuya kwi-230 PW, ehambelana nokukhanya kokukhanya kwe-2.0 × 1025 W / cm2.
Ukufezekisa ukukhanya okukhulu kokukhanya, kwi-600 ye-PW output, ii-pulses zokukhanya kwii-channel ze-12 ziya kugxininiswa kwi-geometry ye-dipole radiation e-inverse, njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 2. Xa isigaba se-pulse kwishaneli nganye singavalwanga, ukugxilwa kogxininiso kunoku ukufikelela 9 × 1025 W / cm2. Ukuba isigaba ngasinye se-pulse sitshixiwe kwaye sivumelaniswe, ukukhanya okuhambelanayo okuhambelana nokukhanya kuya kwandiswa ukuya kwi-3.2 × 1026 W / cm2. Ukongeza kwigumbi ekujoliswe kulo, iprojekthi ye-XCELS ibandakanya ukuya kutsho kwiilabhoratri zabasebenzisi ezili-10, nganye kuzo ifumana umqadi omnye okanye ngaphezulu ukwenzela imifuniselo. Ukusebenzisa lo mmandla wokukhanya ogqithiseleyo, iprojekthi ye-XCELS iceba ukwenza iimvavanyo kwiindidi ezine: iinkqubo ze-quantum electrodynamics kwiinkalo ezinzulu ze-laser; Ukuveliswa kunye nokukhawuleza kwamasuntswana; Ukuveliswa kwemitha ye-electromagnetic yesibini; I-astrophysics yeLabhoratri, iinkqubo zokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu kunye nophando lokuxilonga.
IKHIWANE. 2 Ugxininiso lwejometri kwigumbi ekujoliswe kulo. Ukucaca, isibuko se-parabolic se-beam 6 sisetelwe ekuhleni, kwaye igalelo kunye neepali zemveliso zibonisa amajelo amabini kuphela i-1 kunye ne-7.
Umzobo 3 ubonisa uyilo lwesithuba sommandla ngamnye osebenzayo weXCELS inkqubo yelaser kwisakhiwo sovavanyo. Umbane, iimpompo zokufunxa, ukucocwa kwamanzi, ukucocwa kunye ne-air conditioning zibekwe kwindawo engaphantsi. Indawo yolwakhiwo iyonke ingaphezulu kwama-24,000 m2. Usetyenziso lwamandla lulonke lumalunga ne-7.5 MW. Isakhiwo sovavanyo siquka isakhelo esipheleleyo sangaphakathi esinomngxuma kunye necandelo langaphandle, ngalinye elakhiwe kwiziseko ezibini ezidityanisiweyo. I-vacuum kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvuselela i-vibration zifakwe kwisiseko esizimeleyo se-vibration, ukwenzela ukuba i-amplitude yokuphazamiseka edluliselwe kwinkqubo ye-laser ngesiseko kunye nenkxaso iyancitshiswa ibe ngaphantsi kwe-10-10 g2 / Hz kwi-frequency range of 1-200 Hz. Ukongeza, uthungelwano lwezalathisi zesalathiso ze-geodesic zisekwe kwiholo yelaser ukujonga ngokucwangcisiweyo ukukhukuliseka komhlaba kunye nezixhobo.
Iprojekthi ye-XCELS ijolise ekudaleni iziko elikhulu lophando lwezenzululwazi elisekelwe kwincopho yelases zamandla eziphakamileyo kakhulu. Itshaneli enye yenkqubo ye-laser ye-XCELS inokubonelela ngamandla okukhanya okugxininisekileyo amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu kwe-1024 W / cm2, enokuthi igqithwe ngakumbi nge-1025 W / cm2 ngeteknoloji ye-post-compression. Nge-dipole-focusing pulses ukusuka kwi-12 channels kwi-laser system, ukuqina okukufutshane ne-1026 W / cm2 kunokufezekiswa ngaphandle kokunyanzeliswa kwe-post-compression kunye nokuvala isigaba. Ukuba ungqamaniso lwesigaba phakathi kwamajelo lutshixiwe, ukukhanya kokukhanya kuya kuba ngamaxesha amaninzi aphezulu. Ngokusebenzisa ezi rekhodi-zokophula i-pulse intensity kunye ne-multi-channel beam ye-beam, indawo ye-XCELS yexesha elizayo iya kukwazi ukwenza iimvavanyo ezinobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu, ukuhanjiswa kwentsimi yokukhanya okuntsokothileyo, kunye nokuxilonga ukusebenzisana kusetyenziswa imiqadi ye-laser ye-multi-channel kunye nemitha yesibini. Oku kuya kudlala indima ekhethekileyo kwi-fiziksi yovavanyo yombane wombane onamandla kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-26-2024