Ihlabathi lidlule kumda we-quantum key okokuqala. Izinga le-key lomthombo we-single-photon lokwenyani linyuke ngama-79%.
Ukusasazwa kweZihluthulelo zeQuantum(QKD) bubuchwepheshe bokubethela obusekelwe kwimigaqo ye-quantum physical kwaye bubonisa amandla amakhulu okuphucula ukhuseleko lonxibelelwano. Le teknoloji idlulisela izitshixo zokubethela ngokusebenzisa i-quantum states yee-photons okanye ezinye ii-particles. Ekubeni ezi meko ze-quantum zingenakuphinda ziphindwe okanye zilinganiswe ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-states zazo, kwandisa kakhulu ubunzima kumaqela anobungozi bokuthintela umxholo wonxibelelwano phakathi kwamacala amabini ngaphandle kokubhaqwa. Ngenxa yobunzima bokulungiselela imithombo yokwenyani ye-single-photon (SPS), uninzi lweenkqubo zokusasazwa kwe-quantum key (QKD) eziphuhliswe ngoku zixhomekeke kwi-attenuatedimithombo yokukhanyaezilinganisa ii-photon ezi-single, ezifana nee-low-intensity laser pulses. Ekubeni ezi-laser pulses zisenokungabi nazo ii-photon okanye ii-photon ezininzi, malunga ne-37% kuphela yee-pulses ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izitshixo zokhuseleko. Abaphandi baseTshayina basandula ukoyisa ngempumelelo imida yenkqubo yokusasazwa kwe-quantum Key (QKD) eyayicetywayo ngaphambili. Basebenzise imithombo yokwenyani ye-single-photon (i-SPS, oko kukuthi, iinkqubo ezikwaziyo ukukhupha ii-photon nganye xa ifunwa).
Injongo ephambili yabaphandi kukwakha inkqubo ebonakalayo ekwaziyo ukukhupha ii-photon ezikhanyayo kakhulu xa kuyimfuneko, ngaloo ndlela boyise imida esisiseko ejongene nemithombo yokukhanya ebuthathaka eyayisetyenziswa ngaphambili ukwakha iinkqubo ze-quantum key distribution (QKD). Ithemba labo kukuba le nkqubo inokuphucula ukuthembeka nokusebenza kwetekhnoloji ye-quantum key distribution (QKD), ngaloo ndlela ibeka isiseko sokusasazwa kwayo kwixesha elizayo kwiindawo zokwenyani. Okwangoku, olu vavanyo lufumene iziphumo ezithembisayo kakhulu kuba i-SPS yabo ifunyenwe isebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwaye inyusa kakhulu izinga apho i-Inkqubo ye-QKDIvelisa izitshixo zokhuseleko. Ngokubanzi, ezi ziphumo zibonisa amandla eenkqubo ze-QKD ezisekelwe kwi-SPS, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukusebenza kwazo kunokugqitha kakhulu oko kweenkqubo ze-QKD ezisekelwe kwi-WCP. “Sibonise okokuqala ukuba ukusebenza kwe-QKD okusekelwe kwi-SPS kudlula umda wezinga elisisiseko le-WCP,” batsho abaphandi. Kwi-QKD test ye-free-space urban channel kunye nokulahleka kwe-14.6(1.1) dB, sifumene i-secure key rate (SKR) ye-1.08 × 10−3 bits nge-pulse, eyayiphezulu ngama-79% kunomda wokwenyani wenkqubo ye-QKD ngokusekelwe ekukhanyeni okubuthathaka. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, ukulahleka okukhulu kwesiteshi senkqubo ye-SPS-QKD kusephantsi kunokwenkqubo ye-WCP-QKD. Ukulahleka okuphantsi kwesiteshi okubonwe ngabaphandi kwinkqubo yabo yokusasazwa kwesitshixo se-quantum (QKD) akuzange kuvele kwinkqubo ngokwayo, kodwa kwabangelwa yimpembelelo ye-residue multi-photon kwi-protocol engenazo ii-decoy ababeyisebenzisa. Njengenxalenye yophando lwexesha elizayo, banethemba lokuphucula ukunyamezela ukulahleka kwenkqubo ngokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza komthombo we-single-photon (SPS) kumaleko asezantsi enkqubo okanye ukungenisa iimeko zebait kwinkqubo. Kukholelwa ukuba inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji eqhubekayo iya kukhuthaza kancinci kancinci uphuhliso losasazo lwe-quantum key (QKD) kwizicelo ezisebenzayo neziqhelekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-25-2025