Irekhodi ye-photodetector ye-silicon emnyama: ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum yangaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%

I-silicon emnyamaisixhobo sokubona iifotoirekhodi: ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum yangaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%

Ngokweengxelo zeendaba, abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yase-Aalto benze isixhobo se-optoelectronic esisebenza kakuhle nge-quantum yangaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%. Le nto ingalindelekanga yenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-silicon emnyama eyakhiwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, enokuba yimpumelelo enkulu kwiiseli zelanga kunye nezinye izinto.ii-photodetectorsUkuba isixhobo se-photovoltaic esicingelwayo sinamandla e-quantum angaphandle angama-100 ekhulwini, oko kuthetha ukuba i-photon nganye efika kuso ivelisa i-electron, eqokelelwa njengombane ngesekethe.

Kwaye esi sixhobo sitsha asiphumeleli nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-100%, kodwa sisebenza ngaphezu kwe-100%. I-132% ithetha umyinge wee-electron eziyi-1.32 kwi-photon nganye. Isebenzisa i-silicon emnyama njengezinto ezisebenzayo kwaye ine-cone kunye ne-columnar nanostructure enokufunxa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.

Ngokucacileyo awunakukwazi ukudala ii-electron ezongezelelweyo eziyi-0.32 ngomoya omncinci, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ifiziksi ithi amandla awanakudalwa ngomoya omncinci, ngoko ke ezi electron ezongezelelweyo zivela phi?

Konke kuxhomekeke kumgaqo oqhelekileyo wokusebenza kwezinto ze-photovoltaic. Xa i-photon yokukhanya kwesiganeko ibetha into esebenzayo, ngesiqhelo i-silicon, ikhupha i-electron kwenye yee-athomu. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, i-photon enamandla aphezulu inokukhupha ii-electron ezimbini ngaphandle kokwaphula nayiphi na imithetho yefiziksi.

Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ukusebenzisa le nto kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni uyilo lweeseli zelanga. Kwizinto ezininzi ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kakuhle kulahleka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka xa ii-photon zibonakaliswa kwisixhobo okanye ii-electron ziphinda zihlangane “nemingxuma” eshiyekileyo kwiiathom ngaphambi kokuba ziqokelelwe yisekethe.

Kodwa iqela lika-Aalto lithi liyisusile kakhulu loo miqobo. I-silicon emnyama ifunxa ii-photon ezininzi kunezinye izinto, kwaye izakhiwo ze-nanostructures ezinciphileyo nezikwi-columnar zinciphisa ukuhlanganiswa kwee-electron kumphezulu wezinto.

Lilonke, olu phuculo lwenze ukuba ukusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphandle kwesi sixhobo kufikelele kwi-130%. Iziphumo zeqela ziqinisekiswe ngokuzimeleyo yi-German's national Metrology Institute, i-PTB (German Federal Institute of Physics).

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, olu lwazi lusebenza kakuhle lunokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo nayiphi na i-photodetector, kuquka iiseli zelanga kunye nezinye izinzwa zokukhanya, kwaye i-detector entsha sele isetyenziswa kwezorhwebo.