Irekhodi elimnyama le-silicon photodetector: ukusebenza kakuhle komyinge wangaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%

I-silicon emnyamaifotodetectorirekhodi: ukusebenza kakuhle komyinge wangaphandle ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%

Ngokweengxelo zeendaba, abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yase-Aalto baye baphuhlisa isixhobo se-optoelectronic esine-quantum yangaphandle esebenzayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132%. Le nto ingenakwenzeka yaphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa i-silicon emnyama eyenziwe nge-nanostructured, enokuthi ibe yinkqubela phambili yeeseli zelanga kunye nezinye.ii-photodetectors. Ukuba i-hypothetical device photovoltaic inomsebenzi wangaphandle we-quantum yeepesenti ze-100, oko kuthetha ukuba yonke ifotoni eyibethayo ivelisa i-electron, eqokelelwa njengombane ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka.

Kwaye esi sixhobo esitsha asifezekisi kuphela ukusebenza kwe-100 ekhulwini, kodwa ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-100. I-132% ithetha umyinge we-electron ye-1.32 ngefoton nganye. Isebenzisa i-silicon emnyama njengento esebenzayo kwaye ine-cone kunye ne-columnar nanostructure ekwazi ukufumana ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.

Ngokucacileyo awukwazi ukwenza ii-electron ezingaphezulu kwe-0.32 emoyeni obhityileyo, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, i-physics ithi amandla akanakwenziwa ngomoya obhityileyo, ke zivela phi ezi electron zongezelelweyo?

Konke kuhla kumgaqo jikelele wokusebenza wezinto ze-photovoltaic. Xa ifoton yokukhanya kwesiganeko ibetha into esebenzayo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-silicon, ikhupha i-electron kwenye yee-athomu. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, i-photon ephezulu yamandla inokukhupha ii-electron ezimbini ngaphandle kokuphula nayiphi na imithetho ye-physics.

Akungabazeki ukuba ukusebenzisa le nto kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukuyila kweeseli zelanga. Kwizinto ezininzi ze-optoelectronic, ukusebenza kakuhle kulahleka ngeendlela ezininzi, kubandakanywa xa iifotoni zibonakaliswe kwisixhobo okanye ii-electron zidibanisa kunye "nemingxuma" eshiywe kwii-athomu ngaphambi kokuba iqokelelwe yisekethe.

Kodwa iqela lika-Aalto lithi liyisusile kakhulu loo miqobo. I-silicon emnyama ifunxa iifotoni ezininzi kunezinye izinto, kwaye i-tapered kunye ne-columnar nanostructures zinciphisa ukudityaniswa kwakhona kwe-electron kumphezulu wezinto.

Ngokubanzi, ezi nkqubela phambili zenze ukuba ukusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphandle kwesixhobo ukufikelela kwi-130%. Iziphumo zeqela ziye zaqinisekiswa ngokuzimeleyo liziko lesizwe laseJamani iMetrology Institute, iPTB (iGerman Federal Institute of Physics).

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, le rekhodi isebenzayo inokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo nayiphi na i-photodetector, kubandakanywa iiseli zelanga kunye nezinye izinzwa zokukhanya, kwaye i-detector entsha sele isetyenziselwa ukuthengisa.