Iiparameter ezisisiseko zeinkqubo yelaser
Kwimimandla emininzi yesicelo efana nokucubungula izinto, utyando lwe-laser kunye nokubona kude, nangona kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkqubo ze-laser, zihlala zabelana ngeeparamitha ezithile eziqhelekileyo. Ukuseka inkqubo yesigama esidibeneyo separameter kunokunceda ukunqanda ukudideka ekuchazeni kwaye kwenze abasebenzisi bakwazi ukukhetha nokumisela iinkqubo ze-laser kunye namacandelo ngokuchanekileyo, ngaloo ndlela behlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezithile.
Iiparameter ezisisiseko
Ubude beWavelength (iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo: nm ukuya kwi μm)
Ubude be-wave bubonakalisa iimpawu ze-frequency zamaza okukhanya akhutshwa yi-laser esibhakabhakeni. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-wavelengths: Ekucutshungulweni kwezinto, izinga lokufunxwa kwezinto ze-wavelengths ezithile liyahluka, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela isiphumo sokucubungula. Kwizicelo zokubona kude, kukho umahluko ekufunxweni nasekuphazamisekeni kwe-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo ngumoya. Kwizicelo zonyango, ukufunxwa kwe-laser ngabantu abanemibala eyahlukeneyo yolusu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubude be-wavelength. Ngenxa yendawo encinci egxile kuyo, ii-laser ezimfutshane ze-wavelength kunyeizixhobo ze-laser opticalziluncedo ekudaleni iimpawu ezincinci nezichanekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukufudumeza okuncinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nee-laser ezine-wavelengths ezinde, zihlala zibiza kakhulu kwaye zisengozini yokonakala.
2. Amandla kunye namandla (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo: W okanye J)
Amandla e-laser adla ngokulinganiswa ngee-watts (W) kwaye asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imveliso yee-laser eziqhubekayo okanye amandla aphakathi ee-laser ezishukumayo. Kwi-laser ezishukumayo, amandla e-pulse enye alingana ngokuthe ngqo namandla aphakathi kwaye alingana ngokuphambeneyo ne-frequency yokuphindaphinda, iyunithi iyi-joule (J). Okukhona amandla okanye amandla ephezulu, kokukhona ixabiso le-laser liphezulu, kokukhona imfuneko yokusasazwa kobushushu iyanda, kwaye ubunzima bokugcina umgangatho we-beam olungileyo buyanda ngokufanelekileyo.
Amandla e-pulse = isantya sokuphindaphinda kwamandla esiqhelekileyo Amandla e-pulse = isantya sokuphindaphinda kwamandla esiqhelekileyo
3. Ubude bepulse (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo ukusuka ku:fs ukuya ku-ms)
Ubude be-laser pulse, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-pulse width, buchazwa ngokubanzi njengexesha elithathayo kwi-ilezaamandla okunyuka aye kwisiqingatha sencopho yayo (FWHM) (Umfanekiso 1). Ububanzi be-pulse ye-ultrafast lasers bufutshane kakhulu, buhlala buqala kwi-picoseconds (imizuzwana eyi-10⁻¹²) ukuya kwi-attoseconds (imizuzwana eyi-10⁻¹⁸).
4. Izinga lokuphindaphinda (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo :Hz ukuya kwi-MHZ)
Izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-i-pulsed laser(oko kukuthi, i-pulse repetition frequency) ichaza inani lee-pulses ezikhutshwa ngomzuzwana, oko kukuthi, i-reciprocal ye-timing pulse space (Umfanekiso 1). Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-repetition rate ilingana ngokuphambeneyo namandla e-pulse kwaye ilingana ngokuthe ngqo namandla aqhelekileyo. Nangona i-repetition rate idla ngokuxhomekeka kwi-laser gain medium, kwiimeko ezininzi, i-repetition rate inokwahluka. Okukhona i-repetition rate iphezulu, kokukhona i-thermal relaxation time of the surface of the laser optical element kunye ne-final focused spot iba mfutshane, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ukuba izinto zifudumale ngokukhawuleza.
5. Ubude bokuhambelana (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo :mm ukuya ku-cm)
Iilaser zinokuhambelana, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho ubudlelwane obuzinzileyo phakathi kwamaxabiso esigaba sentsimi yombane ngamaxesha okanye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba iilaser ziveliswa kukukhutshwa okukhuthazwayo, okwahlukileyo kwezinye iintlobo zemithombo yokukhanya. Ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokusasazeka, ukuhambelana kuya buthathaka kancinci kancinci, kwaye ubude bokuhambelana kwelaser buchaza umgama apho ukuhambelana kwayo kwexesha kugcina ubunzima obuthile.
6. Ukwahlulahlula
I-Polarization ichaza indlela eya kwicala lombane lamaza okukhanya, elihlala lithe nkqo kwicala lokusasazwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-laser zi-polarized linearly, oko kuthetha ukuba i-electric field ekhutshwayo isoloko ikhomba kwicala elinye. Ukukhanya okungekho polarized kuvelisa amasimi ombane akhomba kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Iqondo le-polarization lidla ngokubonakaliswa njengomlinganiselo wamandla okukhanya weemeko ezimbini ze-orthogonal polarization, ezifana ne-100:1 okanye i-500:1.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-02-2025