Iiparamitha ezisisiseko zenkqubo ye-laser

Iiparamitha ezisisiseko zeinkqubo laser

Kwiinkalo ezininzi zezicelo ezinje ngokwenziwa kwezinto, utyando lwelaser kunye nokuzivalela kude, nangona zininzi iintlobo zeenkqubo zelaser, zihlala zibelana ngeeparamitha ezingundoqo eziqhelekileyo. Ukuseka inkqubo yesigama esineparameter emanyeneyo kunokunceda ukunqanda ukubhideka ekuchazeni kwaye kwenza ukuba abasebenzisi bakhethe kwaye baqwalasele iisistim zelaser kunye namacandelo ngokuchanekileyo, ngaloo ndlela behlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezithile.

Iiparamitha ezisisiseko

Ubude bobude (iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo: nm ukuya ku-μm)

Ubude beWavelength bubonakalisa iimpawu zamaza okukhanya akhutshwa yilaser esithubeni. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobude be-wavelengths: Ekuqhubekeni kwezinto eziphathekayo, izinga lokufunxa izinto eziphathekayo kwii-wavelengths ezithile ziyahluka, eziza kuchaphazela umphumo wokucubungula. Kwinkqubo yoluvo olukude, kukho iyantlukwano ekufunxeni nasekuphazamisekeni kwamaza obude ohlukeneyo ngumkhathi. Kwizicelo zonyango, ukufunxwa kweelaser ngabantu bemibala eyahlukeneyo yolusu nako kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubude bamaza. Ngenxa yendawo encinci ekugxilwe kuyo, i-laser-wavelength emifutshane kunyeizixhobo laser opticalbanenzuzo ekudaleni iimpawu ezincinci nezichanekileyo, zivelisa ukufudumeza komda omncinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa neelaser ezinobude obude, zihlala zibiza kakhulu kwaye zisengozini yokonakala.

2. Amandla kunye namandla (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo: W okanye J)

Amandla eLaser adla ngokulinganiswa ngeewatts (W) kwaye asetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imveliso yeelaser eziqhubekayo okanye amandla aphakathi kwee-pulsed lasers. Kwii-lases ze-pulsed, amandla e-pulse enye alingana ngokuthe ngqo kumandla aphakathi kwaye ahambelane ngokuphambene nokuphindaphinda amaza, kunye neyunithi ibe yi-joule (J). Ukuphakama kwamandla okanye amandla, kokukhona ixabiso lelaser liphezulu, kokukhona imfuneko yokulahla ubushushu inkulu, kunye nobunzima bokugcina umgangatho olungileyo womgangatho nawo uyenyuka ngokufanelekileyo.

Amandla e-Pulse = i-avareji yophindaphindo lwamandla Amandla e-Pulse = umndilili wokuphindaphinda amandla

3. Ubude bexesha lokubetha (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo :fs ukuya ms)

Ubude be-laser pulse, ekwaziwa ngokuba bububanzi be-pulse, buchazwa ngokubanzi njengexesha elithathayolaseramandla okunyuka ukuya kwisiqingatha sencopho yayo (FWHM) (Umfanekiso 1). Ububanzi be-pulse ye-ultrafast lasers bufutshane ngokugqithileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusukela kwi-picoseconds (10⁻¹² imizuzwana) ukuya kwi-attoseconds (10⁻¹⁸ imizuzwana).

4. Izinga lokuphindaphinda (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo :Hz ukuya kwi-MHZ)

Izinga lokuphindwa kwe aipulsed laser(okt, i-pulse repetition frequency) ichaza inani lee-pulses ezikhutshwayo ngesekhondi, oko kukuthi, ukuphindaphinda kwezithuba zexesha le-pulse (Umfanekiso 1). Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, izinga lokuphindaphinda lihambelana ngokungafaniyo ne-pulse energy kwaye lihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomlinganiselo wamandla. Nangona izinga lokuphindaphinda lihlala lixhomekeke kwindlela yokufumana i-laser, kwiimeko ezininzi, izinga lokuphindaphinda linokwahluka. Ukuphakama kwesantya sokuphindaphinda, lifutshane ixesha lokuphumla kwe-thermal kumphezulu we-laser optical element kunye nebala eligxininisiweyo lokugqibela, ngaloo ndlela ivumela izinto ukuba zifudumale ngokukhawuleza.

5. Ubude bokuhambelana (Iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo :mm ukuya kwi-cm)

I-Lasers inokuhambelana, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho ubudlelwane obusisigxina phakathi kwamaxabiso esigaba sentsimi yombane ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo okanye izikhundla. Oku kungenxa yokuba iilaser ziveliswa ngokukhutshwa okuvuselelweyo, okwahlukileyo kuninzi lwezinye iintlobo zemithombo yokukhanya. Ngethuba lenkqubo yonke yokusabalalisa, ukuhambelana ngokuthe ngcembe kuncipha, kwaye ubude bokuhambelana kwelaser buchaza umgama apho ukuhambelana kwayo kwexesha kugcina ubunzima obuthile.

6. Ipolarization

I-polarization ichaza isalathiso sentsimi yombane yamaza okukhanya, ehlala i-perpendicular kwi-direction of propagation. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iilaser zenziwe nge-polarized, nto leyo ethetha ukuba indawo yombane ekhutshiweyo ihlala ikhomba kwicala elinye. Ukukhanya okungekho polarized kudala iindawo zombane ezikhomba kumacala amaninzi awohlukeneyo. Iqondo le-polarization lidla ngokubonakaliswa njengomlinganiselo wamandla optical of two orthogonal polarization states, njenge-100:1 okanye 500:1.