Itekhnoloji entsha ye-silicon photodetector encinci

Itekhnoloji entsha yeisixhobo sokubona ifoto sesilicon esibhityileyo
Izakhiwo zokubamba i-photon zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukufunxwa kokukhanya kwi-thinizixhobo zokubona iifoto zesilicon
Iinkqubo ze-photonic ziyakhawuleza ukuthandwa kwizicelo ezininzi ezintsha, kubandakanya unxibelelwano lwe-optical, i-liDAR sensing, kunye ne-medical imaging. Nangona kunjalo, ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwe-photonics kwizisombululo zobunjineli zexesha elizayo kuxhomekeke kwixabiso lokuvelisa.ii-photodetectors, nto leyo exhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-semiconductor esetyenziselwa loo njongo.
Ngokwesiko, i-silicon (Si) ibisoloko iyeyona semiconductor ixhaphakileyo kushishino lwe-elektroniki, kangangokuba uninzi lwamashishini luye lwakhula malunga nale nto. Ngelishwa, i-Si ine-coefficient yokufunxwa kokukhanya ebuthathaka kwi-spectrum ye-infrared (NIR) xa ithelekiswa nezinye ii-semiconductor ezifana ne-gallium arsenide (GaAs). Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ii-GaAs kunye nee-alloys ezinxulumene nazo ziyachuma kwizicelo ze-photonic kodwa azihambelani neenkqubo zemveli ze-complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwee-electronics ezininzi. Oku kukhokelele ekonyukeni okukhulu kweendleko zazo zokuvelisa.
Abaphandi bacebe indlela yokuphucula kakhulu ukufunxwa kwe-silicon okukufutshane ne-infrared, okunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni iindleko kwizixhobo ze-photonic ezisebenza kakuhle, kwaye iqela lophando le-UC Davis liqala icebo elitsha lokuphucula kakhulu ukufunxwa kokukhanya kwiifilimu ezincinci ze-silicon. Kwiphepha labo lamva nje kwi-Advanced Photonics Nexus, babonisa okokuqala umboniso wovavanyo we-photodetector esekwe kwi-silicon enezakhiwo ze-micro- kunye ne-nano-surface ezibamba ukukhanya, befezekisa uphuculo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili olufana ne-GaAs kunye nezinye ii-semiconductors zeqela le-III-V. I-photodetector inepleyiti ye-silicon esilinda enobukhulu be-micron ebekwe kwi-substrate yokukhusela, ene "iminwe" yesinyithi eyolulekileyo ngendlela ye-finger-fork ukusuka kwisinyithi esichukumisayo phezulu kwepleyiti. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, i-silicon enamaqhuqhuva izaliswe yimingxunya ejikelezayo ehlelwe ngendlela ye-periodic esebenza njengeendawo zokubamba i-photon. Ulwakhiwo lulonke lwesixhobo lubangela ukuba ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kwesiganeko kugobe phantse ngama-90° xa kubetha umphezulu, okuvumela ukuba kusasazeka ecaleni kwi-Si plane. Ezi ndlela zokusasazeka ecaleni ziyandisa ubude bokuhamba kokukhanya kwaye zinciphise isantya, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudibaneni ngakumbi kwezinto ezikhanyayo kwaye ngaloo ndlela zinyuse ukufunxwa.
Abaphandi baphinde benza ukulinganisa okubonakalayo kunye nohlalutyo lwethiyori ukuze baqonde ngcono imiphumo yezakhiwo zokubamba i-photon, kwaye benze iimvavanyo ezininzi bethelekisa ii-photodetectors ezinazo nezingenazo. Bafumanise ukuba ukubamba i-photon kukhokelele ekuphuculeni okukhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwe-broadband kwi-spectrum ye-NIR, bahlala ngaphezulu kwe-68% ngencopho ye-86%. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kwi-near infrared band, i-absorption coefficient ye-photon capture photodetector iphezulu ngokuphindwe kaninzi kune-silicon eqhelekileyo, idlula i-gallium arsenide. Ukongeza, nangona uyilo olucetywayo lulweeplate ze-silicon eziyi-1μm ubukhulu, ukulinganisa kweefilimu ze-silicon ze-30 nm kunye ne-100 nm ezihambelana ne-CMOS electronics kubonisa ukusebenza okufanayo okuphuculweyo.
Lilonke, iziphumo zolu phononongo zibonisa icebo elithembisayo lokuphucula ukusebenza kwee-photodetectors ezisekelwe kwi-silicon kwizicelo ze-photonics ezisakhulayo. Ukufunxwa okuphezulu kunokufezekiswa nakwiileya ze-silicon ezincinci kakhulu, kwaye amandla e-parasite esekethe anokugcinwa ephantsi, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zesantya esiphezulu. Ukongeza, indlela ecetywayo iyahambelana neenkqubo zanamhlanje zokwenziwa kwe-CMOS kwaye ke ngoko inamandla okuguqula indlela i-optoelectronics ezidityaniswe ngayo kwiisekethe zendabuko. Oku, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokuvula indlela yeentshukumo ezinkulu kwiinethiwekhi zekhompyutha ezikhawulezayo kakhulu kunye netekhnoloji yokufota.