Iiparamitha zophawu lomsebenzi obalulekileyo wenkqubo yelaser

1. Ubude bobude (iyunithi: nm ukuya ku-μm)

Ilaser wavelengthimele ubude be-wavelength ye-electromagnetic wave ethwalwa yilaser. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zokukhanya, uphawu olubalulekileyo lwelaserkukuba i-monochromatic, oku kuthetha ukuba ubude bayo be-waveleng bucocekile kakhulu kwaye ine-frequency enye echazwe kakuhle.

Umahluko phakathi kwamaza ahlukeneyo e-laser:

Ubude be-laser ebomvu ngokuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwe-630nm-680nm, kwaye ukukhanya okukhutshiweyo kubomvu, kwaye ikwayi-laser eqhelekileyo (ikakhulukazi isetyenziswa kwintsimi yokukhanya kokutya kwezonyango, njl.);

Ubude be-laser eluhlaza ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-532nm, (ikakhulukazi isetyenziswa kwintsimi ye-laser range, njl.);

I-laser blue wavelength ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-400nm-500nm (ikakhulu isetyenziselwa utyando lwe-laser);

I-laser ye-Uv phakathi kwe-350nm-400nm (isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-biomedicine);

I-laser ye-infrared yeyona ikhethekileyo, ngokoluhlu lwe-wavelength kunye nentsimi yesicelo, i-laser infrared wavelength ihlala ibekwe kuluhlu lwe-700nm-1mm. Ibhendi ye-infrared inokuphinda ihlulwe ibe ngama-sub-band amathathu: kufuphi ne-infrared (NIR), i-infrared ephakathi (MIR) kunye ne-infrared (FIR). Uluhlu olusondeleyo lwe-infrared wavelength malunga ne-750nm-1400nm, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano lwefiber optical, i-biomedical imaging kunye nezixhobo zombono we-infrared ebusuku.

2. Amandla kunye namandla (iyunithi: W okanye J)

Amandla eLaserisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imveliso yamandla e-optical wave eqhubekayo (CW) laser okanye umlinganiselo wamandla we-laser pulsed. Ukongeza, ii-lases ze-pulsed ziphawulwa yinto yokuba amandla azo e-pulse alingana namandla aphakathi kwaye ahambelana ngokungafaniyo nesantya sokuphindaphinda kwe-pulse, kwaye iilaser ezinamandla aphezulu kunye namandla zihlala zivelisa ubushushu obungakumbi benkunkuma.

Uninzi lwemiqadi yelaser ineprofayile yeGaussian yomqadi, ngoko ke i-irradiance kunye ne-flux zombini ziphezulu kwi-axis ye-laser kwaye ziyancipha njengoko ukutenxa kwi-axis ebonakalayo kunyuka. Ezinye ii-laser zineeprofayili zemiqadi ezithe tyaba ezithe, ngokungafaniyo nemiqadi ye-Gaussian, zineprofayile ye-irradiance engaguqukiyo kwicandelo lomnqamlezo we-laser beam kunye nokwehla ngokukhawuleza kokuqina. Ke ngoko, iilaser ezisicaba azinayo i-irradiance ephezulu. Amandla encopho yomthi weGaussian aphindwe kabini kunawo umqadi othe tyaba oneavareji efanayo.

3. Ubude bexesha lokubetha (iyunithi: fs ukuya ku ms)

Ubude bexesha le-laser pulse (okt pulse width) lixesha elithathayo ukuba i-laser ifike kwisiqingatha samandla aphezulu optical (FWHM).

 

4. Izinga lokuphindaphinda (iyunithi: Hz ukuya kwiMHz)

Izinga lokuphindwa kwe ai-pulsed laser(okt isantya sokuphindaphinda kwepulse) ichaza inani lemibhobho ekhutshwayo ngesekhondi, oko kukuthi, ukuphinda-phindana kwezithuba zemibhobho yolandelelwano lwexesha. Umyinge wokuphindaphinda ulungelelanisa ngokuphambeneyo namandla e-pulse kunye nokulingana nomlinganiselo wamandla. Nangona izinga lokuphindaphinda lihlala lixhomekeke kwi-laser gain medium, kwiimeko ezininzi, izinga lokuphindaphinda lingatshintshwa. Izinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda liphumela kwixesha elifutshane lokuphumla kwe-thermal kumphezulu kunye nokugxilwa kokugqibela kwe-laser optical element, ekhokelela ekufudumeni ngokukhawuleza kwezinto.

5. Ukwahlukana (iyunithi eqhelekileyo: mrad)

Nangona imiqadi yelaser icingelwa ngokubanzi njengokungqubana, ihlala iqulathe umlinganiselo othile wokwahluka, ochaza ubungakanani bokwahlukana komqadi kumgama onyukayo ukusuka esinqeni somqadi welaser ngenxa yokuphazamiseka. Kwizicelo ezinemigama emide yokusebenza, njengeenkqubo ze-liDAR, apho izinto zinokuba ngamakhulu eemitha kude nenkqubo ye-laser, iyantlukwano iba yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu.

6. Ubungakanani bendawo (iyunithi: μm)

Ubungakanani bendawo yomqadi welaser ogxininisiweyo buchaza idayamitha yomqadi kwindawo ekugxilwe kuyo yenkqubo yelensi yokugxila. Kwizicelo ezininzi, ezifana nokulungiswa kwezinto kunye noqhaqho lonyango, injongo kukunciphisa ubungakanani bendawo. Oku kwandisa ukuxinana kwamandla kwaye kuvumela ukuyilwa kweempawu ezicokisekileyo. Iilensi ze-aspherical zihlala zisetyenziswa endaweni yeelensi zemveli ezingqukuva ukunciphisa ukujika okungqukuva kunye nokuvelisa ubungakanani obuncinci bendawo ekugxilwe kuyo.

7. Umgama wokusebenza (iyunithi: μm ukuya ku-m)

Umgama wokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-laser ngokuqhelekileyo uchazwa njengomgama womzimba ukusuka kwinto yokugqibela ye-optical element (ngokuqhelekileyo i-lens egxininisekileyo) ukuya kwinto okanye kwindawo apho i-laser igxile kuyo. Usetyenziso oluthile, olunje ngeelaser zonyango, lufuna ukunciphisa umgama wokusebenza, ngelixa ezinye, njengezivamvo zikude, zijolise ekunyuseni umgama wazo wokusebenza.