Iiparamitha ezibalulekileyo zokubonakalisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yelaser

1. Ubude begagasi (iyunithi: nm ukuya kwi μm)

Iubude be-laserimele ubude be-wave ye-electromagnetic ethwalwa yi-laser. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zokukhanya, uphawu olubalulekileyo lweilezakukuba inombala omnye, oko kuthetha ukuba ubude bayo bomda bucocekile kakhulu kwaye ine-frequency enye echazwe kakuhle.

Umahluko phakathi kwamaza ahlukeneyo e-laser:

Ububanzi be-laser ebomvu ngokubanzi buphakathi kwe-630nm-680nm, kwaye ukukhanya okukhutshwayo kubomvu, kwaye ikwayeyona laser ixhaphakileyo (isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokukhanya kokutya kwezonyango, njl.njl.);

Ububanzi be-laser eluhlaza ngokubanzi bumalunga ne-532nm, (isetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lokulinganisa i-laser, njl.njl.);

Ubude be-laser eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka buqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-400nm-500nm (isetyenziswa kakhulu kutyando lwe-laser);

I-Uv laser ephakathi kwe-350nm-400nm (isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-biomedicine);

I-infrared laser yeyona ikhethekileyo, ngokwe-wavelength range kunye ne-application field, i-infrared laser wavelength ifumaneka ngokubanzi kwi-700nm-1mm. I-infrared band inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe zii-sub-band ezintathu: i-near infrared (NIR), i-middle infrared (MIR) kunye ne-far infrared (FIR). I-near-infrared wavelength range imalunga ne-750nm-1400nm, esetyenziswa kakhulu kunxibelelwano lwe-optical fiber, i-biomedical imaging kunye nezixhobo zokubona ebusuku ze-infrared.

2. Amandla kunye namandla (iyunithi: W okanye J)

Amandla elaserisetyenziselwa ukuchaza amandla okukhanya avela kwi-laser ye-continuous wave (CW) okanye amandla aphakathi e-pulsed laser. Ukongeza, ii-pulsed lasers zibonakaliswa yinto yokuba amandla azo e-pulse alingana namandla aphakathi kwaye alingana ngokuphambeneyo nesantya sokuphindaphinda kwe-pulse, kwaye ii-laser ezinamandla aphezulu kunye namandla zihlala zivelisa ubushushu obungaphezulu.

Uninzi lwemitha yelaser ineprofayili yomqadi weGaussian, ngoko ke ukukhanya kunye nokukhanya kokukhanya ziphezulu kakhulu kwi-optical axis yelaser kwaye ziyancipha njengoko ukuphambuka kwi-optical axis kusanda. Ezinye iilaser zineprofayili yomqadi othe tyaba, ngokungafaniyo nemiqadi yeGaussian, zineprofayili yomqadi othe tyaba kuyo yonke indawo yomqadi welaser kunye nokwehla ngokukhawuleza kobukhali. Ke ngoko, iilaser ezithe tyaba azinawo ukukhanya okuphezulu. Amandla aphezulu omqadi weGaussian aphindwe kabini kunalawo omqadi othe tyaba onamandla aqhelekileyo afanayo.

3. Ubude bepulse (iyunithi: fs ukuya kwi-ms)

Ubude bexesha lokubetha kwe-laser (oko kukuthi ububanzi be-pulse) lixesha elithathwa yi-laser ukufikelela kwisiqingatha samandla aphezulu okukhanya (FWHM).

 

4. Izinga lokuphindaphinda (iyunithi: Hz ukuya kwi-MHz)

Izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-i-pulsed laser(oko kukuthi izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-pulse) lichaza inani lee-pulses ezikhutshwa ngomzuzwana, oko kukuthi, ukujikeleza kwesithuba se-pulse sequence sex. Izinga lokuphindaphinda lihambelana ngokuphambeneyo namandla e-pulse kwaye lihambelana namandla aqhelekileyo. Nangona izinga lokuphindaphinda lidla ngokuxhomekeka kwi-laser gain medium, kwiimeko ezininzi, izinga lokuphindaphinda linokutshintshwa. Izinga lokuphindaphinda eliphezulu libangela ixesha elifutshane lokuphumla kobushushu kumphezulu kunye nokugxila kokugqibela kwe-laser optical element, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufudumaleni ngokukhawuleza kwezinto.

5. Ukwahlukana (iyunithi eqhelekileyo: mrad)

Nangona imisebe yelaser idla ngokucingelwa njenge-collimating, isoloko inemilinganiselo ethile yokuhlukana, nto leyo echaza indlela umsebe ohlukana ngayo kumgama okhulayo ukusuka esinqeni somsebe welaser ngenxa yokusasazeka. Kwizicelo ezinemigama emide yokusebenza, njengeenkqubo ze-liDAR, apho izinto zinokuba ngamakhulu eemitha ukusuka kwinkqubo yelaser, ukuhlukana kuba yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu.

6. Ubungakanani bebala (iyunithi: μm)

Ubungakanani bebala lelaser beam egxile kwi-focused lichaza ububanzi bebala kwindawo ephambili yenkqubo yelensi egxile kwi-focused. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi, ezinje ngokucubungula izinto kunye notyando lwezonyango, injongo kukunciphisa ubungakanani bebala. Oku kwandisa uxinano lwamandla kwaye kuvumela ukudalwa kweempawu ezintle kakhulu. Iilensi ze-aspherical zihlala zisetyenziswa endaweni yeelensi zendabuko ezingqukuva ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwebala kunye nokuvelisa ubungakanani bebala elincinci.

7. Umgama wokusebenza (iyunithi: μm ukuya ku-m)

Umgama osebenzayo wenkqubo yelaser udla ngokuchazwa njengomgama obonakalayo ukusuka kwi-final optical element (ngokuqhelekileyo ilensi egxile kuyo) ukuya kwinto okanye kumphezulu egxile kuwo ilaser. Ezinye izicelo, ezifana ne-medical lasers, zihlala zifuna ukunciphisa umgama osebenzayo, ngelixa ezinye, ezifana nokubona kude, zihlala zijolise ekuphuculeni umgama wazo wokusebenza.